Short-term neuropsychological recovery in clients with substance use disorders
Short-term neuropsychological recovery in clients with substance use disorders
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000156131.88125.2a
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Barry, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bates, ME;Voelbel, GT;Barry, D
背景：认知功能障碍经常出现在因药物滥用而接受治疗的患者中。先前的研究表明，认知能力早期恢复的潜力;然而，改善的程度和可能有助于预测恢复率个体差异的风险因素仍不清楚。这项研究是对197名男性和女性的原始样本进行的为期6周的随访和重新测试，这些男性和女性在成瘾治疗开始时接受了广泛的神经心理学评估。其目的是研究潜在的临床意义的认知功能的变化和差异恢复的程度是可预测的客户端的背景information.Methods：15神经心理学测试rereadministered 169 197客户6周后治疗条目。采用结构方程模型分别估计了四个认知领域的练习效果和恢复：执行功能，记忆，信息处理速度和言语能力。客户的背景信息包括年龄，性别，教育，物质使用和后果，精神病理学，医疗问题，家族酗酒史，和儿童期的行为problems.Results：一个四因素模型的潜在的神经心理学能力，以前确定在治疗入口复制在后续。四种潜在能力的平均值在统计学上显著增加，记忆力表现出中等效应量的改善。然而，执行功能，语言能力和信息处理速度仅显示出较小的效应量改善，表明临床意义有限。物质使用之间的治疗条目和后续行动，反社会人格障碍，负面使用的后果，较少的教育，和医疗问题是适度的预测较少recovery.Conclusion：认知恢复在治疗的前6周是可能的，但可能的例外的记忆，改善可能是轻微的临床相关性。
Background: Cognitive impairments are frequently observed in clients who enter treatment programs for substance abuse. The potential for early recovery of cognitive abilities is suggested by previous research; however, the extent of improvement and risk factors that may help predict individual differences in rates of recovery remain unclear. This study is a 6-week follow-up and retest of an original sample of 197 men and women who had received a broad neuropsychological assessment at addiction treatment entry. The aim was to examine the potential clinical significance of changes in cognitive functioning and the extent to which differential recovery was predictable from client background information.Methods: Fifteen neuropsychological tests were readministered to 169 of 197 clients 6 weeks after treatment entry. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate separately the practice effects and recovery in four cognitive domains: executive function, memory, information processing speed, and verbal ability. Client background information included age, sex, education, substance use and consequences, psychopathology, medical problems, familial alcoholism history, and childhood behavior problems.Results: A four-factor model of latent neuropsychological ability that was previously identified at treatment entry was replicated at follow-up. Statistically significant increases in the means of the four latent abilities were found. Memory showed a medium effect size improvement. Executive function, verbal ability, and information processing speed, however, showed only small effect size improvements, suggesting limited clinical significance. Substance use between treatment entry and follow-up, antisocial personality disorder, negative use consequences, less education, and medical problems were modestly predictive of less recovery.Conclusion: Cognitive recovery in the first 6 weeks of treatment is possible, but, with the possible exception of memory, improvement may be minor in terms of clinical relevance.