Effect of climate on the salt tolerance of two Phragmites australis populations.: I.: Growth, inorganic solutes, nitrogen relations and osmoregulation
Effect of climate on the salt tolerance of two Phragmites australis populations.: I.: Growth, inorganic solutes, nitrogen relations and osmoregulation
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DOI：
10.1016/s0304-3770(99)00060-1
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Astorga, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lissner, J;Schierup, HH;Astorga, V
本研究估计了丹麦（温带）和西班牙（地中海）气候条件对两种芦苇（Cav.）耐盐性的影响。指标。Steud交货。人群。从丹麦（=丹麦人口）和西班牙（=西班牙人口）收集的种子繁殖的植物在丹麦（北纬56度）和西班牙（北纬41度）的室外试验田暴露于0至30ppm的盐度水平。测定植株的生长率、死亡率、地下/地上比、含水量、灰分含量、氮含量、C:N和离子（K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Cl-）。西班牙生长地点的生长显著增强，特别是在盐度水平为10至20‰的情况下。在这段时间内，丹麦和西班牙的人口增长率都比丹麦的增长地点高20-100%。当使用相对耐盐性和绝对耐盐性作为标准时，这些增长数据表明西班牙站点的耐盐性更高。耐盐机制主要有阳离子调节和水分流失两个方面。尽管西班牙站点的蒸腾作用较高，但植物能够维持或提高叶片的K+/Na+比率，表明西班牙气候条件下阳离子调节增强。这主要是由于西班牙站点的K+积累量（305-378 mmol kg(-1)）高于丹麦站点（220-268 mmol kg(-1)），而气候对Na+水平的影响仅在丹麦人群中很明显。气候引起的水分含量差异也可能是西班牙站点观察到的植物耐盐性较高的重要原因。西班牙站点的茎部水分含量（1.9 ~ 2.4 g水g(-1) DW）低于丹麦站点（2.6 ~ 4.0 g水g(-1) DW），表明水分流失是促进渗透调节的重要机制。水分流失可能通过浓缩细胞汁液中的溶质起作用，从而减少合成代谢昂贵的有机渗透的需要，以及减少对渗透调节的Na+摄取的需要。本研究还表明，南偃麦种群在耐盐性方面存在差异。丹麦种群较高的耐盐性与较低的死亡率、较低的叶片Na+和Cl-含量、较高的叶片K+/Na+比、较高的叶片氮含量、较高的地下/地上比和较低的地下部分灰分含量有关，并讨论了与分区的关系。(C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
This study estimated the effects of Danish (temperate nemoral) and Spanish (mediterranean) climatic conditions on the salt tolerance of two Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. populations. Plants propagated from seeds collected in Denmark (=Danish population) and Spain (=Spanish population) were exposed to salinity levels ranging from 0 to 30 parts per thousand at outdoor experimental plots situated in Denmark (56 degrees N) and Spain (41 degrees N). Plants were measured for growth rate, mortality, below-ground/above-ground ratio, water content, ash content, nitrogen content, C:N and ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-). Growth was significantly enhanced at the Spanish growth site, especially for salinity levels ranging from 10 to 20 parts per thousand. In this interval, growth rates of both the Danish and the Spanish population were 20-100% higher than at the Danish growth site. These growth data point to higher salt tolerance at the Spanish site when using relative salt tolerance and absolute salt tolerance as criteria. Salt tolerance is ascribed to two important mechanisms, cation adjustment and water loss. Despite higher transpiration at the Spanish site, plants were able to maintain or improve K+/Na+ ratios of leaf laminas, indicating enhanced cation adjustment under the Spanish climatic conditions. Primarily, this was due to higher K+ accumulation at the Spanish site (305-378 mmol kg(-1)) as compared to the Danish site (220-268 mmol kg(-1)), while a climatic effect on Na+ level only was evident for the Danish population. Climatically induced differences in water content may also have contributed significantly to the higher salt tolerance observed for plants at the Spanish site. Shoot water content was lower at the Spanish site (1.9-2.4 g water g(-1) DW) than at the Danish site (2.6-4.0 g water g(-1) DW), suggesting that water loss is an important mechanism contributing to osmotic adjustment. Water loss may act by concentrating solutes in the cell sap, thereby reducing the need for synthesis of metabolically expensive organic osmotica as well as reducing the need for Na+ uptake for osmotic adjustment. This study also showed that II australis populations differ in salt tolerance. A relatively higher salt tolerance observed for the Danish population was related to lower mortality, lower leaf Na+ and Cl- content, higher leaf K+/Na+ ratio, higher leaf nitrogen content, higher below-ground/above-ground ratio and lower ash content of below-ground parts and is discussed in relation to partitioning. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.