Emotional and instrumental support provision interact to predict well-being.
Emotional and instrumental support provision interact to predict well-being.
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DOI：
10.1037/emo0000084
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zaki J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morelli SA;Lee IA;Arnn ME;Zaki J
关系密切的人会通过多种方式互相帮助，从倾听彼此的问题，到让彼此感到被理解，再到提供实际支持。然而，目前尚不清楚这些支持行为是否会在几天内相互追踪，并在亲密关系中形成稳定的倾向。此外，尽管过去的研究表明提供支持可以改善提供者的福祉，但改善提供者心理生活的支持提供的具体特征仍不清楚。我们通过每日日记研究来解决这些知识差距，该研究全面评估了支持的提供及其对福祉的影响。我们发现提供者的情感支持（例如同理心）和工具支持代表了支持提供的不同维度，重复了之前的工作。至关重要的是，情感支持（而非工具支持）始终能够预测提供者的幸福感。这两个维度也相互作用，因此工具性支持可以增强提供者和接受者的福祉，但前提是提供者在提供支持时投入情感。这些发现阐明了支持提供的性质，并提出了增强福祉的干预措施的目标。
Individuals in close relationships help each other in many ways, from listening to each other’s problems, to making each other feel understood, to providing practical support. However, it is unclear if these supportive behaviors track each other across days and as stable tendencies in close relationships. Further, although past work suggests that giving support improves providers’ well-being, the specific features of support provision that improve providers’ psychological lives remain unclear. We addressed these gaps in knowledge through a daily diary study that comprehensively assessed support provision and its effects on well-being. We found that providers’ emotional support (e.g., empathy) and instrumental support represent distinct dimensions of support provision, replicating prior work. Crucially, emotional support, but not instrumental support, consistently predicted provider well-being. These two dimensions also interacted, such that instrumental support enhanced well-being of both providers and recipients, but only when providers were emotionally engaged while providing support. These findings illuminate the nature of support provision and suggest targets for interventions to enhance well-being.