Research on noise and vibration reduction at DB to improve the environmental friendliness of railway traffic
Research on noise and vibration reduction at DB to improve the environmental friendliness of railway traffic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsv.2005.08.065
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发表时间：
2006-06
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
B. Schulte-Werning;M. Beier;K. G. Degen;D. Stiebel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Schulte-Werning;M. Beier;K. G. Degen;D. Stiebel
与铁路交通的环境友好性相关的最突出的关键词之一是降噪。因此，德国联邦铁路公司（DB）的“低噪音铁路”研究和开发方案正在进行中，以处理车辆和基础设施的噪音。列车和轨道/车轮系统的降噪问题正在几个项目中解决。铁路沿线居民由于列车在轨道上运行而受到的直接噪声可以通过直接在声源处将声辐射降至最低来降低。这是首选解决方案，因为它被证明是成本效益关系方面最有效的对策。互操作性技术规范中规定的噪声排放限值是铁路车辆采购过程中需要确认的基本标准。最近开发的声学质量管理计划建立了系统的噪声管理，以完成概念，设计，建造和制造阶段的车辆采购过程。在货运交通中，用于块式制动操作的低噪声铁路车轮将在未来发挥重要作用，以满足低噪声铁路系统的目标。首次尝试成功实现这种优化车轮的低噪音潜力，即使结果好坏参半。为了展示降低机车冷却通风噪声的方法，DB是西门子领导的开发项目的合作伙伴。噪声降低8dB（A）。关于桥梁噪音，在有效和具有成本效益的实验和模拟相结合的基础上启动了一个项目，以制定建造一般低噪音桥梁的规格。
One of the most prominent keywords relating to the environmental friendliness of railway traffic is noise reduction. Thus, the research and development programme “Low Noise Railway” of Deutsche Bahn (DB) is under way to treat the noise of the vehicles and infrastructure. The noise reduction of the trains and the rail/wheel system are being tackled within several projects. The direct noise experienced by railway-lineside residents due to train movements on the track can be reduced by minimising the sound radiation directly at the source. This is the first-choice solution, as it proves to be the most effective countermeasure regarding a cost–benefit relation. The limit values for the noise emission as specified in the technical specification for interoperability are an essential criterion to be confirmed during the procurement process of railway vehicles. A recently developed acoustical quality management scheme establishes systematic noise management to complete the vehicle procurement process in the phases of concept, design, construction and manufacturing. In freight traffic quiet railway wheels for block brake operation will play an important role in the future to meet the goal of a low-noise railway system. A first attempt to realise successfully the low-noise potential of such optimised wheels was performed, even if with mixed results. To show ways of reducing the noise of the cooling ventilation in locomotives, DB is a partner in a development project led by Siemens. A notable 8dB(A) noise reduction was measured. Concerning bridge noise, a project was started based on an effective and cost-efficient combination of experiments and simulations in order to develop specifications for the construction of generic low-noise bridges.