Crop rotations alter bacterial and fungal diversity in paddy soils across East Asia
Crop rotations alter bacterial and fungal diversity in paddy soils across East Asia
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轮作改变了东亚稻田土壤的细菌和真菌多样性
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.01.007
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Sun, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Yuji;Liang, Yuting;Sun, Bo
水稻生态系统广泛分布于温带至热带地区，但对大陆尺度水稻土壤微生物群落及其网络结构形成的潜在机制知之甚少。从东亚稻田收集的土壤样本代表了四种作物轮作类型：单稻、水稻-小麦轮作、双稻和水稻-豆类-水稻轮作。本文描述了作物轮作、环境异质性和地理距离对东亚水稻土微生物群落空间分布的影响。调查结果显示，4种作物轮作中微生物操作分类单位（OTUs）的多样性和组成存在显著差异。广布分布的OTUs根瘤菌属（缓生根瘤菌属）和深层根瘤菌属真菌在生态网络中起着关键的物种作用。与细菌样品相比，真菌样品的距离衰减斜率更陡，这意味着真菌OTU组成在地理区域间的周转更快。土壤环境异质性对细菌群落的影响超过地理距离对细菌群落的影响，而真菌群落的影响更能由地理距离来预测。细菌和真菌群落的多样性和组成与土壤pH值的相关性较强，而与全氮的相关性较弱。值得注意的是，作物轮作对微生物多样性、群落组成和网络的变化起着关键作用。综上所述，这些结果为今后水稻土中土壤微生物功能的研究提供了一个基本的生态框架。(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Rice ecosystems are distributed broadly from temperate to tropical regions, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms shaping microbial communities and their network structure in paddy soils at the continental scale. Soil samples were collected from paddy fields across East Asia representing four types of crop rotations: single rice, rice-wheat rotation, double rice, and rice-legume-rice rotation. Here, we describe the roles that crop rotations, environmental heterogeneity and geographical distance play in determining the spatial distribution of microbial communities in paddy soils across East Asia. Our survey revealed remarkable differences in the diversity and composition of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) among four crop rotations. The shared cosmopolitan OTUs Rhizobiales bacterium (genus Bradyrhizobium) and Hypocreales fungus played key-species roles in the ecological networks. A steeper slope of distance decay for the fungal samples compared with the bacterial samples implies a faster turnover in fungal OTU composition across geographical zones. Bacterial communities were affected by soil environmental heterogeneity to an extent that overwhelmed the effect of geographical distance, whereas fungal communities were better predicted by geographical distance. The diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities corresponded strongly to soil pH but less strongly to total nitrogen. Remarkably, crop rotations played a key role in determining the changes in microbial diversity, community composition and networks. Taken together, these results provide a baseline ecological framework with which to pursue future research on soil microbial function in paddy soils. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.