Starting points for small mammal population recovery after wildfire: recolonisation or residual populations?
Starting points for small mammal population recovery after wildfire: recolonisation or residual populations?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18765.x
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lindenmayer, David B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banks, Sam C.;Dujardin, Matthieu;Lindenmayer, David B.
野火是陆地生态系统时空变化的主要驱动力。由于气候变化，预计大型野火将更频繁地发生。火灾后恢复收益的机制是由丰富的幸存者，他们的分布与栖息地的变异性和避难所的影响。因此，描述火灾后早期的人口过程对于了解生态系统对火灾的人口和社区一级的反应至关重要。2009年2月的黑色星期六大火烧毁了澳大利亚维多利亚约3500平方公里的面积。我们量化的影响，这种高严重性的森林火灾的栖息地，丰度，性别比和体重的两个小的哺乳动物物种，敏捷的antechinus Antechinus agilis和灌木鼠fuscipes。我们开发了一个假设的框架来区分在原地生存和快速的tenonisation的过程中的短期火灾后的分布。这些假设是基于预期的丰富模式，随着距离未燃烧的来源，估计每个物种和性别的分解能力。灵活的前翅和灌木鼠存在于烧伤的网站在30%和12%的密度观察到在未烧伤的网站。原位存活，而不是分化，是我们发现的最合理的解释。体重和体重数据表明，更大的影响，火的灌木鼠比敏捷antechinus。灌木鼠表现出地形关联的转变，从而排水线作为火灾后的避难所。我们的研究结果表明，这些物种并不依赖于adminonisation恢复，和灌木鼠将遵循有核恢复，扩大从地形避难所。因此，减少连通性的管理活动，如抢救性伐木、防火道和道路建设，可能不会影响被烧毁森林剩余林分的人口恢复的早期阶段。相反，目前的复苏可能会受到人口比率和资源供应的限制。
Wildfire is a major driver of spatio-temporal variation in terrestrial ecosystems. Large wildfires are predicted to occur more frequently due to climate change. The mechanisms by which post-fire recovery proceeds are influenced by the abundance of survivors, and their distribution in relation to habitat variability and refugia. Thus, characterising early post-fire demographic processes is critical to understanding the demographic and community-level responses of ecosystems to fire. The Black Saturday fires of February 2009 burnt an area of approximately 3500 km2 in Victoria, Australia. We quantified the effects of this high severity forest fire on the habitat, abundance, sex ratio and body mass of two small mammal species, the agile antechinus Antechinus agilis and bush rat Rattus fuscipes. We developed a hypothetical framework to distinguish in situ survival and rapid recolonisation as the processes underlying short-term post-fire distributions. These hypotheses were based on expected patterns of abundance over increasing distances from unburnt sources, and the estimated recolonisation capabilities of each species and sex. The agile antechinus and bush rat were present in burnt sites at 30% and 12% of the density observed in unburnt sites. In situ survival, and not recolonisation, was the most plausible explanation for our findings. Abundance and body mass data indicated a greater effect of fire on the bush rat than the agile antechinus. The bush rat showed a shift in topographic association, whereby drainage lines acted as post-fire refugia. Our findings suggest these species do not depend on recolonisation for recovery, and that the bush rat will follow a nucleated recovery, expanding from topographic refugia. Thus, connectivity-reducing management activities, such as salvage logging and firebreak and road construction, may not affect the early stages of population recovery in remaining stands of burnt forest. Rather, ongoing recovery is likely to be limited by demographic rates and resource availability.