Sustained deposition of contaminants from the Deepwater Horizon spill.
Sustained deposition of contaminants from the Deepwater Horizon spill.
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深水地平线泄漏污染物持续沉积。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1513156113
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Pak,Dorothy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yan,Beizhan;Passow,Uta;Chanton,JeffreyP;Nöthig,Eva-Maria;Asper,Vernon;Sweet,Julia;Pitiranggon,Masha;Diercks,Arne;Pak,Dorothy
2010 年深水地平线石油泄漏导致海底积聚了 1.6–2.6 × 1010 克石油碳。 2010 年 8 月至 2011 年 10 月期间部署在井西南 7.4 公里处的深层沉积物捕集器的数据显示，由海洋颗粒（特别是浮游植物）介导的与泄漏相关的物质的下沉在井封盖后持续了至少 5 个月。 2010 年 8 月/9 月，发生了一次异常大规模的硅藻华沉积事件，同时石油衍生碳氢化合物、黑碳以及钻探泥浆的两种关键成分、钡和烯烃的下沉速度加快。钡在水体中保留了数月，甚至进入了远洋食物网。饱和和多环芳烃来源指标都证实了原油对下沉碳氢化合物的主要贡献。硅藻的共沉积积累了污染物，这些污染物分散在水体中并将其向下输送，集中到海底的上层厘米处，可能对底栖生态系统造成持续影响。
The 2010Deepwater Horizonoil spill resulted in 1.6–2.6 × 1010grams of petrocarbon accumulation on the seafloor. Data from a deep sediment trap, deployed 7.4 km SW of the well between August 2010 and October 2011, disclose that the sinking of spill-associated substances, mediated by marine particles, especially phytoplankton, continued at least 5 mo following the capping of the well. In August/September 2010, an exceptionally large diatom bloom sedimentation event coincided with elevated sinking rates of oil-derived hydrocarbons, black carbon, and two key components of drilling mud, barium and olefins. Barium remained in the water column for months and even entered pelagic food webs. Both saturated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon source indicators corroborate a predominant contribution of crude oil to the sinking hydrocarbons. Cosedimentation with diatoms accumulated contaminants that were dispersed in the water column and transported them downward, where they were concentrated into the upper centimeters of the seafloor, potentially leading to sustained impact on benthic ecosystems.