Windows in the Buildings of Tomorrow; Energy Losers or Energy Gainers?
Windows in the Buildings of Tomorrow; Energy Losers or Energy Gainers?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.02.029
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
S. Grynning;A. Gustavsen;B. Time;B. P. Jelle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Grynning;A. Gustavsen;B. Time;B. P. Jelle
减少建筑围护结构能量损失的最有效措施之一是优化立面透明组件的热性能、面积和定位，以获得最小的热损失和最佳的太阳能增益。在考虑这些透明组件的热性能时，不仅应考虑热传递引起的热损失（或增益），还应考虑入射太阳辐射的有益影响，从而减少对加热和人工照明的需求。这项研究提出了对作为建筑物一部分的一系列窗户的计算，其中入射太阳辐射和热传输热损失的耦合效应根据各种解决方案的净能量平衡来考虑。结合太阳得热系数研究了不同热透射率值（U 值）的影响。已经提出并应用了三种不同的评级方法来评估几种窗户配置的能源性能。研究发现，不同的评级方法在绝对数字方面给出了不同的节能潜力。此外，人们发现，即使采用现有技术，窗户在供暖和制冷需求方面也可能优于不透明的墙壁。
One of the most effective actions for reduction of energy loss through the building envelope is to optimize the thermal performance, area and localization of the transparent components in the façade in order to obtain minimal heat losses and optimal solar gains. When considering the thermal performance of these transparent components, one should consider, not only heat loss (or gains) caused by thermal transmission, but also the beneficial effects of incident solar radiation and hence reduced demand for heating and artificial lighting. This study presents calculations for a range of windows as part of a building where the coupled effects of incident solar radiation and thermal transmission heat losses are accounted for in terms of a net energy balance for the various solutions. Effects of varying thermal transmittance values (U-values) are studied in connection with solar heat gain coefficients. Three different rating methods have been proposed and applied to assess the energy performance of several window configurations. It has been found that various rating methods give different energy saving potentials in terms of absolute figures. Furthermore, it has been found that windows, even with existing technology, might outperform an opaque wall in terms of heating and cooling demands.