Some effects of high altitude on man.
Some effects of high altitude on man.
复制标题
高海拔对人的一些影响。
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(56)90148-9
复制
发表时间：
1956
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
M. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Pugh;M. Ward
1951年，珠峰侦察探险、1952年赵奥友探险和1953年珠峰探险形成了一个紧密相连的系列。他们提供了不同寻常的机会来观察海拔高度对参加连续探险的人的影响，以及诸如改善的适应和营养以及氧气设备的使用等因素的修正影响。这三次探险的早期部分大致相同。最初的17天是在喜马拉雅山脚下行军140-160英里，海拔4,000 - 12,000英尺，之后，在12，000 - 13，000英尺处建立了主要基地营地。接下来的两个半月主要在18,000到22,000英尺的高度上度过。但是，1951年和1952年的探险队直接到达了18,000英尺。几个星期没有再下来，珠峰探险队花了将近一个月的时间进行初步的适应，在18,000英尺的高空作了几次短暂的考察。在间隔时间返回到13,000英尺。步行前往餐厅1953年珠峰探险的这一阶段之后是在18000 - 22500英尺的高度度过的一个月。在昆布冰川上建立营地和运输物资。洛子峰面和南坳（26,000英尺）的最后阶段，包括上升到。山顶（29，002英尺）持续了大约14天。1951年和1952年的探险没有超过23,000英尺。珠峰探险队比1951年和1952年的探险队有更多的高海拔经验，后者包括很高比例的“第一次”。珠峰探险队的12名成员中，有3人参加过两次探险，另外3人参加过其中一次;其余6人中有4人有过喜马拉雅山探险的经历。
THE 1951 Mt. Everest Reconnaissance Expedition, the 1952 Cho Oyu Expedition, and the 1953 Everest Expedition form a closely linked series. They provided unusual opportunities for observing the effects of altitude on men taking part in successive expeditions, as well as the modifying influence of factors such as improved acclimatisation and nutrition and the use of oxygen equipment. The early part of the three expeditions was much the same. T he first seventeen days were spent marching 140-160 miles through the Himalayan foot-hills at heights ranging from 4,000 to 12,000 ft., after which a main base camp was established at 12,000-13,000 ft. T he next two and a half months were spent mainly at heights between 18,000 and 22,000 ft.; but, whereas the 1951 and 1952 expeditions went straight to 18,000 ft. and did not come down again for several weeks, the Everest party devoted nearly a month to preliminary acclimatisation, making several short visits to 18,000 ft. and returning in the intervals to 13,000 ft. to rest. This phase of the Everest 1953 expedition was followed by a month spent at 18,000-22,500 ft. establishing camps and transporting stores up the Khumbu glacier. T he final phase on the Lhotse face and South Col (26,000 ft.), including the ascent to. the summit (29,002 ft.) lasted about fourteen days. T he 1951 and 1952 expeditions did not go above 23,000 ft. The Everest party had considerably more experience of high altitude than had the 1951 and 1952 parties, which included a high proportion of'first-timers'. O f the twelve members of the Everest team three had taken part in both previous expeditions and three others in one of them; and four of the remaining six had previous Himalayan experience.