Bladder Cancer Working Group Report
Bladder Cancer Working Group Report
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DOI：
10.1093/jjco/hyq128
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yokomizo, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kakehi, Yoshiyuki;Hirao, Yoshihiko;Yokomizo, Akira
膀胱癌是世界上男性第七大常见癌症，女性第17大常见癌症。膀胱癌的发病率在不同国家差别很大，西方国家的发病率最高，亚洲国家的发病率最低。近年来，膀胱癌的死亡率趋于稳定或逐渐下降。生活方式与尿路上皮癌：职业风险、环境风险、饮食习惯和吸烟是已知影响尿路上皮癌发展的生活方式因素。虽然膀胱癌与职业相关的相对风险很小，但对公共健康的影响可能很大。西方的饮食模式与膀胱癌风险的显著增加有关。研究发现，吸烟在男性膀胱癌中占50%以上，在女性中占30%。泌尿科患者对吸烟是膀胱癌危险因素的认识低于对其他吸烟相关疾病的认识。就吸烟风险向患者提供咨询是泌尿科医生的职责。尿路上皮癌的遗传易感性：最近与膀胱癌发生有关的单核苷酸多态性遗传研究揭示了解毒或DNA修复基因的几种相关遗传多态性，如NAT2、GST和OGG1。这些信息对于环境风险因素和种族差异非常重要，有助于预测膀胱癌患者的预后。需要进一步的研究来证实潜在的基因-基因和基因-环境相互作用导致膀胱癌的发生。
Bladder cancer is the 7th most common cancer in men and the 17th most common in women in the world. The incidence of bladder cancer varies considerably among countries, with the highest incidence rates seen in Western countries and the lowest rates in Asian countries. In recent years, the mortality rate due to bladder cancer has been stable or decreased gradually. Lifestyle and urothelial carcinoma: Occupational risks, environmental risks, dietary habits and cigarette smoking are lifestyle factors known to influence the development of urothelial carcinoma. Although the relative risk of bladder cancer associated with occupations is small, the public health impact may be significant. The Western pattern of diet is associated with a significant increase in the risk of bladder cancer. It has been found that smoking accounts for more than 50% of bladder cancers in men and 30% in women. Urological patients' awareness of smoking as a risk factor for bladder cancer is lower than their awareness regarding other smoking-related disease entities. Counseling patients regarding the risk of tobacco is a role for urologists. Genetic susceptibility to urothelial carcinoma: Recent single-nucleotide polymorphism genetic studies in relation to bladder carcinogenesis have revealed several associated genetic polymorphisms of detoxification or DNA repair genes, such as NAT2, GST and OGG1. That information is important in relation to environmental risk factors and ethnic differences and will help predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm potential gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions leading to bladder carcinogenesis.