Relevance of crowding effects in a coastal National Park in Germany: results from a case study on Hamburger Hallig
Relevance of crowding effects in a coastal National Park in Germany: results from a case study on Hamburger Hallig
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德国沿海国家公园拥挤效应的相关性：汉堡哈利格案例研究的结果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Dennis Kalisch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dennis Kalisch
滨海环境是旅游的热门地点，面临着日益增长的娱乐需求。欧洲大部分沿海地区每年都会吸引大量游客。在游憩研究中，这个管理问题可以用承载能力来描述，它表示一个地点或地区在不破坏自然资源的情况下吸收娱乐用途的能力和游客体验的质量。由于欧洲游憩的社会方面仍然很少受到关注，本研究的目的是考察社会承载能力的概念在德国沿海国家公园中的适用性。本文通过对德国汉堡哈利格的游客现场调查(N = 509)的数据，探讨感知游客接触、拥挤感知和游客特征之间的关系是否适用。它考察了过度拥挤的影响是否可以通过既定的方法在受欢迎的一日游目的地进行测量。结果表明，汉堡哈利格的游客具有异质游客构成的特征，包括当地居民和动机不同的国内游客，他们主要来该地区徒步旅行或骑自行车。研究结果表明，游客来源地和抽样日期的不同，对报告的相遇和感知的拥挤的估值有很大差异。总而言之，受访者报告的与他人接触的程度很高，相比之下，他们感觉到的拥挤程度很低。
Coastal environments are popular sites for tourism and faced with an increasing recreational demand. Most of European coastal areas attract numerous visitors annually. In recreation research this management problem can be described in terms of carrying capacity which expresses the ability of a site or region to absorb recreational use without deterioration of natural resources and the quality of the visitor experience. As social aspects of recreation in Europe still have received little attention, the purpose of this study is to examine the applicability of the concept of social carrying capacity in a German coastal national park. The article addresses if the relationship between perceived visitor encounters, crowding perception and visitor characteristics is applicable by using data from an on-site survey (N = 509) of visitors conducted on Hamburger Hallig, Germany. It examines whether effects of overcrowding are measurable on a popular daytrip destination with established approaches. Results demonstrate that visitors to Hamburger Hallig are characterised by a heterogeneous visitor composition of local residents and domestic tourists with different motivations and who mainly visited the area for hiking or cycling. Study findings show that valuation for reported encounters and perceived crowding differed substantially among origin of visitors and sampling dates. All in all, respondents report a high level of encounter with others and in contrast a very low level of perceived crowding.