Exploiting natural anti-tumor immunity for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Exploiting natural anti-tumor immunity for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
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DOI：
10.1080/21645515.2015.1035849
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发表时间：
2015-07-03
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Griffith, Thomas S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murphy, Katherine A.;James, Britnie R.;Griffith, Thomas S.
一些肾细胞癌（RCC）患者自发性疾病消退的临床观察暗示肿瘤免疫在控制这种疾病中的作用。然而，令人困惑的是，高水平的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TIL）在RCC中很常见。尽管TILs表达了激活标记物，但先天和适应性免疫细胞的功能损伤一直被证明有助于免疫系统控制RCC的失败。免疫治疗可以克服肿瘤的免疫抑制作用，为长期无病生存提供机会。不幸的是，完全缓解率仍然不是最佳的，这表明免疫治疗的有效性仍然受到肿瘤特异性因素和/或抑制抗肿瘤免疫反应的细胞类型的限制。在这里，我们讨论免疫疗法和多种免疫系统组件的功能，以实现有效的反应。了解这些复杂的相互作用对于合理开发能够更新免疫系统对这些肿瘤的反应能力的新疗法至关重要。
Clinical observations of spontaneous disease regression in some renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients implicate a role for tumor immunity in controlling this disease. Puzzling, however, are findings that high levels of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are common to RCC. Despite expression of activation markers by TILs, functional impairment of innate and adaptive immune cells has been consistently demonstrated contributing to the failure of the immune system to control RCC. Immunotherapy can overcome the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor and provide an opportunity for long-term disease free survival. Unfortunately, complete response rates remain sub-optimal indicating the effectiveness of immunotherapy remains limited by tumor-specific factors and/or cell types that inhibit antitumor immune responses. Here we discuss immunotherapies and the function of multiple immune system components to achieve an effective response. Understanding these complex interactions is essential to rationally develop novel therapies capable of renewing the immune system's ability to respond to these tumors.