Natural and managed soil structure: On the fragile scaffolding for soil functioning
Natural and managed soil structure: On the fragile scaffolding for soil functioning
复制标题
自然和管理的土壤结构：土壤功能的脆弱脚手架
DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2020.104912
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
W. Schlesinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Or;D. Or;T. Keller;W. Schlesinger
自然系统中的土壤结构是生物活动、气候和土壤矿物质之间复杂相互作用的产物，促进了生物孔隙的聚集和积累。在可耕地中，土壤结构的管理通常需要对硬化土壤进行机械破碎，以改善苗床、控制杂草和掩埋植物残留物。尽管在确定和量化土壤结构方面存在困难，但当自然结构受到干扰（例如压实）时，生产力的损失以及农业耕作的悠久历史证明了土壤结构的关键作用。为了克服科学学科之间关于土壤结构的定义和功能的持续模糊不清，我们提出了一个框架来区分管理和自然土壤结构的基础上，他们不同的形成过程和功能。自然土壤结构保护生态秩序和遗产，促进生物矿再利用，稳定食物网，保护土壤有机碳（SOC）。自然土地净第一性生产力对土壤结构形成过程的贡献使其成为土壤结构的有用（替代）度量。通过与类似条件下的免耕农业进行比较，间接量化了管理土壤结构对作物的好处。有机碳的水平和趋势是衡量自然和管理土壤结构状况的有用指标。使用适当的指标系统地考虑自然和耕地的土壤结构状态是与土地管理有关的合理决策和确保土壤等脆弱和核心资源可持续运作的先决条件。
Soil structure in natural systems is a product of complex interactions between biological activity, climate and soil minerals that promote aggregation and accumulation of biopores. In arable lands, the management of soil structure often requires the mechanical fragmentation of hardened soil to improve seedbed, control weeds and bury plant residue. Despite difficulties in defining and quantifying soil structure, its critical role is evidenced by loss of productivity when natural structure is perturbed (e.g. compaction) and the long history of tillage in agriculture. To overcome persistent ambiguities among scientific disciplines regarding definition and function of soil structure, we propose a framework for distinguishing managed and natural soil structure based on their different formation processes and functions. Natural soil structure preserves ecological order and legacy that promotes biopore reuse, stabilizes foodwebs and protects soil organic carbon (SOC). The contribution of net primary productivity of natural lands to soil structure forming processes makes it a useful (surrogate) metric of soil structure. The benefits of managed soil structure for crops are quantified indirectly via comparisons with no-till farming under similar conditions. The levels and trends of SOC are useful metrics for the status of natural and managed soil structure. The systematic consideration of soil structure state in natural and arable lands using suitable metrics is a prerequisite for rational decisions related to land management and ensuring sustainable functioning of a fragile and central resource such as soil.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Landl, Magdalena;Schnepf, Andrea;Vanderborght, Jan
通讯作者：
Vanderborght, Jan
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Robinson DA;Panagos P;Borrelli P;Jones A;Montanarella L;Tye A;Obst CG
通讯作者：
Obst CG