Genetics and epigenetics of circadian rhythms and their potential roles in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Genetics and epigenetics of circadian rhythms and their potential roles in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12264-014-1495-3
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Chung M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu C;Chung M
昼夜节律的改变与多种神经精神障碍有关，特别是睡眠-觉醒障碍、成瘾、焦虑和情绪障碍。众所周知，昼夜节律是由一组经典的时钟基因维持的，这些基因形成了复杂的相互和自我调节循环。虽然已经通过全基因组研究发现了许多其他具有节律性表达的基因，但它们在昼夜节律调节中的作用仍然很大程度上尚不清楚。在试图将昼夜节律和神经精神障碍直接联系起来的尝试中，基因研究已经确定了与几种罕见形式的睡眠障碍或睡眠相关特征相关的基因突变。除此之外，对精神疾病的昼夜节律基因的基因研究成果有限。表观遗传系统作为环境因素的重要中介和昼夜节律的调节者，可能对精神疾病的病因或病理、亚型或内表型起着关键作用。在神经精神障碍的背景下，昼夜节律系统及其相关变化的表观基因组学调节尚未被彻底探讨。我们主张对昼夜节律系统进行系统的研究，特别是表观遗传调节，及其与神经精神障碍的关系，以提高我们对人类行为和疾病病因学的理解。
Circadian rhythms alterations have been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly sleep-wake disorders, addiction, and anxiety and mood disorders. Circadian rhythms are known to be maintained by a set of classic clock genes that form complex mutual and self regulatory loops. While many other genes showing rhythmic expression have been identified through genome-wide studies, their roles in the circadian regulation remain largely unknown. In attempts to directly connect circadian rhythms and neuropsychiatric disorders, genetic studies have identified genes with mutations associated with several rare forms of sleep disorders or sleep-related traits. Other than that, genetic studies of circadian genes in psychiatric disorders have yielded limited success. As important mediator of environmental factors and regulators of circadian rhythms, the epigenetic system may hold the key to the etiology or pathology of psychiatric disorders, their subtypes or endophenotypes. Epigenomic regulations of the circadian system and its related changes have not been thoroughly explored in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders. We argue for systematic investigation of the circadian system, particularly epigenetic regulation, and its involvement in neuropsychiatric disorders, to improve our understanding of human behavior and disease etiology.