Distribution, status, and conservation needs of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Lampung Province, Sumatra, Indonesia
Distribution, status, and conservation needs of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Lampung Province, Sumatra, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.004
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Aslan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hedges, S;Tyson, MJ;Aslan
20世纪80年代中期，亚洲象（Elephas maximus）的种群被认为在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛的44个种群中持续存在。其中12个种群出现在楠榜省，但我们的调查显示，2002年只有3个种群现存。导致这种下降的原因包括人口增长，土地使用的变化以及人象冲突。然而，我们在该省的两个国家公园Bukit Barisan Selatan和Way Kambas的调查分别产生了498（95% CI = [373，666]）和180（95% CI = [144，225]）头大象的人口估计。对Bukit Barisan Selatan的估计比以前的估计大得多;对Way Kambas的估计福尔斯落在以前的估计之间。第三个种群要小得多，可能无法生存。这是基于严格的抽样方法对东南亚大象种群的首次估计，这些方法满足了所用模型的假设，它们表明这些公园中的大象数量具有国际重要性。虽然我们的研究结果表明苏门答腊剩余的大象数量可能比预期的要多，但它们也表明这些动物的未来是暗淡的。据报道，楠榜所有三个地区都发生了人象冲突，大象种群目前受到栖息地丧失和偷猎的威胁。地方解决办法是可能的，但需要所有利益攸关方作出更大的承诺。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
In the mid 1980s, Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) populations were believed to persist in 44 populations on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Twelve of these populations occurred in Lampung Province, but our surveys revealed that only three were extant in 2002. Causal factors underlying this decline include human population growth, changes in land use, and human-elephant conflict. Nevertheless, our surveys in the Province's two national parks, Bukit Barisan Selatan and Way Kambas, produced population estimates of 498 (95% CI = [373, 666]) and 180 (95% CI = [144, 225]) elephants, respectively. The estimate for Bukit Barisan Selatan is much larger than previous estimates; the estimate for Way Kambas falls between previous estimates. The third population was much smaller and may not be viable. These are the first estimates for Southeast Asian elephant populations based on rigorous sampling-based methods that satisfied the assumptions of the models used, and they suggest that elephant numbers in these parks are of international importance. While our results suggest that Sumatra's remaining elephant populations may be larger than expected, they also suggest that the future for these animals is bleak. Human-elephant conflict was reported around all three areas in Lampung and their elephant populations are currently threatened by habitat loss and poaching. Local solutions are possible, but will require much greater commitment by all stakeholders. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. Allrights reserved.