Ethnic enclaves and risk of psychiatric disorders among first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden.
Ethnic enclaves and risk of psychiatric disorders among first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00127-015-1107-1
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sundquist K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mezuk B;Li X;Cederin K;Concha J;Kendler KS;Sundquist J;Sundquist K
欧洲的一些非西方移民群体相对于本土出生的人患精神病的风险更高。据推测，邻里民族密度缓和这种风险。最近，瑞典的移民人数大幅增加，特别是来自中东的移民。这项研究考察了社区种族密度（即，生活在移民飞地）和精神病和情感障碍的风险在三个群体中：伊拉克移民，来自其他国家的移民和土生土长的瑞典人。年龄在15至60岁之间的个体，没有流行的精神病理学，从瑞典基于人口的登记处抽取，并从2005年至2010年进行随访（N= 1，442，931）。多层次逻辑回归被用来研究邻里民族组成和事件精神病理学之间的关联。精神病理学的累积发病率在伊拉克飞地相对于瑞典为主的社区（6.3%比4.5%）。生活在飞地的伊拉克人患精神病（比值比（OR）：1.66，95%置信区间（CI）：0.92 - 2.97）或情感障碍（OR：1.04，95%CI：0.85 - 1.27）的风险并不显著高于瑞典人为主的社区。对于居住在飞地的其他移民，精神病（OR：0.93，p>0.05）或情感障碍（OR：0.93，p>0.05）的风险没有增加。与瑞典人居住的社区相比，居住在飞地的瑞典人患精神病（OR：1.37，p<0.05）和情感障碍（OR：1.14，p<0.05）的风险均升高。与第一代相比，第二代伊拉克人患精神病的风险更高，但不患情感障碍。社区种族密度并不缓和在瑞典的移民精神病理学的风险。关于瑞典人的调查结果是一致的社会漂移。
Some non-Western immigrant groups in Europe have elevated risk of psychosis relative to native-born. It is hypothesized that neighborhood ethnic density moderates this risk. Immigration to Sweden has increased substantially recently, particularly from the Middle East. This study examined the relationship between neighborhood ethnic density (i.e., living in an immigrant enclave) and risk of psychotic and affective disorders among three groups: Iraqi immigrants, immigrants from other nations, and native-born Swedes. Individuals aged 15 to 60, without prevalent psychopathology, were drawn from Swedish population-based registries and followed from 2005 to 2010 (N=1,442,931). Multi-level logistic regression was used to examine the association between neighborhood ethnic composition and incident psychopathology. Cumulative incidence of psychopathology was greater in Iraqi enclaves relative to predominantly Swedish neighborhoods (6.3% vs. 4.5%). Iraqis living in enclaves did not have significantly greater risk of psychosis (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.66, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.92 – 2.97) or affective disorders (OR: 1.04, 95%CI: 0.85 – 1.27) relative to those in predominantly Swedish neighborhoods. There was no increased risk of psychosis (OR: 0.93, p>0.05) or affective disorders (OR: 0.93, p>0.05) for other immigrants living in an enclave. Swedes living in an enclave had elevated risk of both psychosis (OR: 1.37, p<0.05) and affective disorders (OR: 1.14, p<0.05) relative to those in predominantly Swedish neighborhoods. Second-generation Iraqis had higher risk of psychotic but not affective disorders relative to first-generation. Neighborhood ethnic density does not moderate risk of psychopathology for immigrants in Sweden. Findings regarding Swedes are consistent with social drift.