Self-Efficacy and Declines Over Time in Attachment Anxiety During the Transition to Parenthood
Self-Efficacy and Declines Over Time in Attachment Anxiety During the Transition to Parenthood
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DOI：
10.1177/1948550620933411
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发表时间：
2020-07-10
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Simpson, Jeffry A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arriaga, Ximena B.;Eller, Jami;Simpson, Jeffry A.
依恋焦虑会在人际关系中下降，但人们对其机制和原因知之甚少。一个新的框架——依恋安全增强模型（ASEM）——表明，缓解当前（暂时）不安全感的东西不一定会减少长期的依恋焦虑。这篇文章通过研究并发的和纵向的联系来区分瞬时的和延伸的依恋过程。研究人员对同居伴侣（N= 137对）进行了为期两年的调查，因为他们首次为人父母，这一转变可能会改变依恋倾向。与ASEM预测一致的是：(1)从伴侣那里获得更多近端和敏感安慰的焦虑依恋配偶，其同时的依恋焦虑有所减少，但随着时间的推移，焦虑焦虑并未减少；(2)当配偶从新的育儿角色中获得个人能力和自我效能感时，依恋焦虑随时间的推移而下降。这些结果证明了减轻可能会加强依恋焦虑的不安全想法和感觉与遇到可能真正改变长期不安全的新经历之间的重要区别。
Attachment anxiety can decline in relationships but little is known about how or why. A new framework-the Attachment Security Enhancement Model (ASEM)-suggests that what allays current (momentary) insecurity may not necessarily reduce attachment anxiety across time. This article differentiates momentary versus extended attachment processes by examining concurrent versus longitudinal associations. Cohabitating partners (N= 137 couples) were examined over a 2-year period as they became first-time parents, a transition that could change attachment tendencies. Consistent with ASEM predictions: (1) Anxiously attached spouses who perceived more proximal and sensitive reassurance from their partners felt less concurrent attachment anxiety but not less anxiety across time, and (2) attachment anxiety declined across time when spouses derived personal competence and self-efficacy from their new parenting role. These results document an important distinction between mitigating insecure thoughts and feelings that might reinforce attachment anxiety, versus encountering new experiences that may actually revise chronic insecurity.