The Situated Inference Model: An Integrative Account of the Effects of Primes on Perception, Behavior, and Motivation
The Situated Inference Model: An Integrative Account of the Effects of Primes on Perception, Behavior, and Motivation
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DOI：
10.1177/1745691611406921
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
12.6
通讯作者：
Payne, B. Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loersch, Chris;Payne, B. Keith
启动诱导的下游后果包括从对环境中物体的感知变化到启动相关行为和目标追求的启动。虽然每一个这些结果已占由单独的机制，我们认为，一个单一的过程可以产生所有三个启动效应。在这篇文章中，我们介绍了启动的情境推理模型，讨论了它的潜力，这些不同的结果与一种机制，并证明了它的能力，组织启动文献围绕这些影响。根据该模型，启动通常不会造成直接影响，而只是改变与启动相关的心理内容的可及性。当这些信息被错误地认为是来自于一个人的内在思维过程时，就会对判断、行为或动机产生下游影响。当这种错误归因发生时，与启动相关的心理内容就成为解决当前情境所提供的任何问题的可能信息来源。由于不同的情境会产生非常不同的问题和关注点，因此与启动相关的内容的推断意义可能会有很大的不同。使用这些信息来回答不同性质的问题，可以导致一个单一的启动对判断、行为和动机产生不同的影响。
The downstream consequences of a priming induction range from changes in the perception of objects in the environment to the initiation of prime-related behavior and goal striving. Although each of these outcomes has been accounted for by separate mechanisms, we argue that a single process could produce all three priming effects. In this article, we introduce the situated inference model of priming, discuss its potential to account for these divergent outcomes with one mechanism, and demonstrate its ability to organize the priming literatures surrounding these effects. According to the model, primes often do not cause direct effects, instead altering only the accessibility of prime-related mental content. This information produces downstream effects on judgment, behavior, or motivation when it is mistakenly viewed as originating from one's own internal thought processes. When this misattribution occurs, the prime-related mental content becomes a possible source of information for solving whatever problems are afforded by the current situation. Because different situations afford very different questions and concerns, the inferred meaning of this prime-related content can vary greatly. The use of this information to answer qualitatively different questions can lead a single prime to produce varied effects on judgment, behavior, and motivation.