Heart failure in women.
Heart failure in women.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0889-7204.2000.080399.x
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Penque, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Halm, M A;Penque, S
心力衰竭影响着500多万美国人。每年约有40万人患上心力衰竭，使其成为美国增长最快的心脏问题。这些人中几乎有三分之一患有纽约心脏协会功能性III级或IV级心力衰竭，并面临进行性临床恶化和频繁住院。随着人口老龄化，这些数字将继续上升。介入手术和药物治疗在冠状动脉疾病管理中的成功使这一人群能够在急性事件中生存下来，同时创造了慢性疾病人群。女性心力衰竭的常见病因包括冠状动脉疾病、心肌梗死和瓣膜疾病。然而，由于与高血压和糖尿病相关的舒张功能障碍，女性患心力衰竭的风险特别高。女性心力衰竭的最佳管理是在整个护理过程中，包括药理学药物，适当时的干预程序，饮食限制，自我监测和心理社会支持。最近的许多文献都集中在妇女和心脏病。这种强调部分是由于公众对妇女健康问题的误解以及越来越多的研究区分性别差异。在治疗方面已经取得了重大进展，以提高心脏病患者的生活质量和寿命。然而，尽管在治疗方面取得了进展，但女性心脏病的死亡率仍然很高，包括由于缺血原因导致的心力衰竭。事实上，患有心力衰竭的女性与男性不同，并且具有不同的病因和治疗选择。随着我们对女性和心脏病的了解越来越多，这些明显的差异就会显现出来，并有助于制定护理计划。
Heart failure affects more than 5 million Americans. Each year, about 400,000 individuals develop heart failure, making it the nation's most rapidly growing cardiac problem. Almost one third of these individuals have New York Heart Association Functional Class III or IV heart failure and are faced with progressive clinical deterioration and frequent hospital admissions. These figures will continue to escalate as the population ages. The success of interventional procedures and pharmacologic therapies in the management of coronary artery disease has enabled this population to survive acute events, at the same time creating a population with chronic disease. Common etiologies of heart failure in women include coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and valvular disease. However, women are at especially high risk for developing heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction associated with hypertension and diabetes. Heart failure in women is best managed across the care continuum, incorporating pharmacologic agents, interventional procedures when appropriate, dietary restrictions, self-monitoring, and psychosocial support. Much of the recent literature has focused on women and heart disease. This emphasis is partly due to public misconception about women's health problems and the growing body of research distinguishing gender differences. Significant advances in therapy have been made to improve the quality and span of life for people with heart disease. Despite therapeutic advances, however, women have high mortality rates from heart disease, including heart failure due to ischemic causes. In fact, women with heart failure present differently than men and have different etiologies and treatment options. As we learn more about women and heart disease, the distinguishing differences unfold and become helpful in establishing a plan of care.