Occurrence of Hemocyanin in Ostracod Crustaceans
Occurrence of Hemocyanin in Ostracod Crustaceans
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DOI：
10.1007/s00239-014-9636-x
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
J. Marxen;C. Pick;Todd H. Oakley;T. Burmester
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Marxen;C. Pick;Todd H. Oakley;T. Burmester
血蓝蛋白是一种含铜的蛋白质，在许多节肢动物的血淋巴中转运O2。在甲壳类动物中，血蓝蛋白似乎仅限于软甲纲，但最近在Remipedia中被发现。在这里，我们报告的介形类动物的血蓝蛋白的发生，表明这种呼吸蛋白是更广泛的甲壳类动物比以前认为的。通过表达序列标签分析和RT-PCR，我们从10种介形虫中的6种获得了4个全长和9个部分血蓝蛋白序列。血蓝蛋白在Myodocopida（Actinoseta jonesi，Cypridinaesp.，Euphilomedes morini，Skogsbergia lerneri，Vargula tsujii）和Platycopida（Cytherelloidea californica），但不包括Podocopida。我们在这些介形类动物中没有发现血红蛋白存在的证据。像在其他节肢动物，我们确定了多个血蓝蛋白亚基（最多6个）发生在一个单一的介形虫物种。贝叶斯系统发育分析表明，介形虫血蓝蛋白亚基多样性的演变独立于其他甲壳动物。介形虫血蓝蛋白亚基被发现并系，与myodocopid和platycopid亚基形成不同的分支内的甲壳动物。这种模式表明介形虫血蓝蛋白起源于泛甲壳动物的不同亚基。
Hemocyanin is a copper-containing protein that transports O2in the hemolymph of many arthropod species. Within the crustaceans, hemocyanin appeared to be restricted to Malacostraca but has recently been identified in Remipedia. Here, we report the occurrence of hemocyanin in ostracods, indicating that this respiratory protein is more widespread within crustaceans than previously thought. By analyses of expressed sequence tags and by RT-PCR, we obtained four full length and nine partial hemocyanin sequences from six of ten investigated ostracod species. Hemocyanin was identified in Myodocopida (Actinoseta jonesi,Cypridininaesp.,Euphilomedes morini,Skogsbergia lerneri,Vargula tsujii) and Platycopida (Cytherelloidea californica) but not in Podocopida. We found no evidence for the presence of hemoglobin in any of these ostracod species. Like in other arthropods, we identified multiple hemocyanin subunits (up to six) to occur in a single ostracod species. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses showed that ostracod hemocyanin subunit diversity evolved independently from that of other crustaceans. Ostracod hemocyanin subunits were found paraphyletic, with myodocopid and platycopid subunits forming distinct clades within those of the crustaceans. This pattern suggests that ostracod hemocyanins originated from distinct subunits in the pancrustacean stemline.