A Dynamic Interactive Theory of Person Construal
A Dynamic Interactive Theory of Person Construal
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DOI：
10.1037/a0022327
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ambady, Nalini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, Jonathan B.;Ambady, Nalini
提出了一种动态互动的人格解释理论。它假设对他人的感知是由一个动态的。涉及社会类别、刻板印象、高级认知状态和面部、声音和身体线索的低级处理之间持续相互作用的系统。该系统允许较低层次的感官知觉和较高层次的社会认知在多个交互处理层次上动态协调，从而产生稳定的人识解。描述了该系统的一个循环连接主义模型，该模型解释了以下方面的主要发现：(A)分类和刻板印象中的部分平行激活和动态竞争，(b)自上而下的高级认知停滞和刻板印象激活对分类的影响，(c)由于共享感知特征而自下而上的类别相互作用，以及(d)语境和跨模态对分类的影响。系统的概率性和持续演化的激活状态允许多个解算灵活地并行激活。这些激活状态也能够与外部知觉线索的持续变化和高级认知状态的持续变化紧密相关。讨论了一个快速适应、动态和互动的人解释系统的含义。
A dynamic interactive theory of person construal is proposed. It assumes that the perception of other people is accomplished by a dynamical. system involving continuous interaction between social categories, stereotypes, high-level cognitive states, and the low-level processing of facial, vocal, and bodily cues. This system permits lower-level sensory perception and higher-order social cognition to dynamically coordinate across multiple interactive levels of processing to give rise to stable person construals. A recurrent connectionist model of this system is described, which accounts for major findings on (a) partial parallel activation and dynamic competition in categorization and stereotyping, (b) top-down influences of high-level cognitive stales and stereotype activations on categorization, (c) bottom-up category interactions due to shared perceptual features, and (d) contextual and cross-modal effects on categorization. The system's probabilistic and continuously evolving activation states permit multiple construals to be flexibly active in parallel. These activation states are also able to be tightly yoked to ongoing changes in external perceptual cues and to ongoing changes in high-level cognitive states. The implications of a rapidly adaptive, dynamic, and interactive person construal system are discussed.