From Stockholm to Rio and beyond: the impact of the environmental movement on the United Nations consultative arrangements for NGOs
From Stockholm to Rio and beyond: the impact of the environmental movement on the United Nations consultative arrangements for NGOs
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从斯德哥尔摩到里约及其他地区：环境运动对联合国非政府组织协商安排的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
P. Willetts
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Willetts
关于1992年6月在里约热内卢举行的联合国环境与发展会议（俗称地球问题首脑会议）的任何报道如果不涉及非政府组织的活动，都是不完整的。在许多国家，也许是大多数国家，它们引起了政府和媒体的辩论。他们参加筹备工作，撰写特别报告，参加各国政府派往里约的代表团，并在正式会议的同时举办一个大型论坛。联合国官员将非政府组织的作用描述为“前所未有”，这是普遍的看法。人们不太了解的是，非政府组织几十年来一直在联合国会议上发挥着影响力，它们参加地球首脑会议的机会可能比正常情况下少。非政府组织在里约会议上之所以产生如此大的影响，远非“史无前例”，而是因为先例的份量使其数量和活动无法受到限制。
No account of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held at Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 and popularly known as the Earth Summit, would be complete without coverage of the activity of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). They generated debate with the government and in the media in many, perhaps most, countries. They took part in the preparatory work, wrote special reports, joined governmental delegations to Rio and ran a large forum in parallel to the official conference. UN officials have described the role of NGOs as having been ‘unprecedented‘, and that is the general view. It is less widely known that NGOs have been influential at UN conferences for decades and that they were in danger of having less access than normal to the Earth Summit. Far from the situation being ‘unprecedented’, the NGOs made such an impact at Rio because the weight of precedents made it impossible to restrict their numbers and their activities.