Cavefish brain atlases reveal functional and anatomical convergence across independently evolved populations
Cavefish brain atlases reveal functional and anatomical convergence across independently evolved populations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aba3126
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Keene, Alex C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaggard, James B.;Lloyd, Evan;Keene, Alex C.
环境扰动可以驱动行为进化和相关的大脑结构和功能的变化。墨西哥鱼类，Astyanax mexicanus，包括有眼的河栖水面种群和多个独立进化的盲洞鱼种群。研究人员利用684条鱼幼鱼的全脑成像和神经元图谱，生成了表层鱼和三个不同洞穴种群的神经解剖学图谱。对洞穴鱼行为相关的脑区体积和神经回路的分析发现，后脑和下丘脑扩张的进化趋同，以及神经递质系统的变化，包括儿茶酚胺和下丘脑分泌素/食欲素神经元数量的增加。为了定义大脑功能的进化变化，我们进行了与行为相关的全脑活动映射。狩猎行为诱发了感觉加工中心的活动，而与睡眠相关的活动在下丘脑和被盖的吻侧区有所不同。这些图谱代表了脊椎动物种内变异的全脑比较研究，并为研究行为进化的神经基础提供了资源。
Environmental perturbation can drive behavioral evolution and associated changes in brain structure and function. The Mexican fish species, Astyanax mexicanus, includes eyed river-dwelling surface populations and multiple independently evolved populations of blind cavefish. We used whole-brain imaging and neuronal mapping of 684 larval fish to generate neuroanatomical atlases of surface fish and three different cave populations. Analyses of brain region volume and neural circuits associated with cavefish behavior identified evolutionary convergence in hindbrain and hypothalamic expansion, and changes in neurotransmitter systems, including increased numbers of catecholamine and hypocretin/orexin neurons. To define evolutionary changes in brain function, we performed whole-brain activity mapping associated with behavior. Hunting behavior evoked activity in sensory processing centers, while sleep-associated activity differed in the rostral zone of the hypothalamus and tegmentum. These atlases represent a comparative brain-wide study of intraspecies variation in vertebrates and provide a resource for studying the neural basis of behavioral evolution.