Rare earth elements in select Main Karoo Basin (South Africa) coal and coal ash samples
Rare earth elements in select Main Karoo Basin (South Africa) coal and coal ash samples
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.020
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
N. Wagner;A. Matiane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Wagner;A. Matiane
在国际上，用于现代电子和相关部件的各种稀土元素（REY/REY + Sc）（即Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb和Lu）的需求正在增加。这一需求导致需要扩大从煤炭和燃烧灰等替代来源的开采。南非拥有丰富的煤炭资源，并产生大量的煤灰。该研究的目的是确定三个南非发电站的原料煤和相关的灰产品（8个样品）的REY + Sc的水平，考虑到商业提取REY + Sc从这些材料的可行性。使用各种常规和先进的技术，包括岩相学，马尔文粒度分析，X射线衍射（XRD），电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS），和仪器中子活化分析（INAA）的煤和灰分样品进行了分析。总稀土元素浓度范围从95至149 ppm的煤样，和H-和M-型稀土富集类型进行了测定。灰样中稀土元素总浓度范围为402至599 ppm，远高于上地壳的平均值，也高于全球平均硬煤灰值，但低于全球各种矿床记录的富稀土煤灰。对于所考虑的大多数元素，INAA数据与ICP-MS数据相当，并测定了Sc。需要进一步调查，以确认主要卡鲁盆地煤灰的经济可行的稀土提取的潜力。
Internationally, the demand for a variety of rare earth elements (REY/REY + Sc) (i.e. Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) for use in modern electronic and related components is increasing. This demand has led to a need to expand extraction from alternative sources, such as coal and combustion ash. South Africa has extensive coal resources and generates a significant amount of coal ash. The aim of the study is to determine the levels of REY + Sc in three South African power station feed coals and their associated ash products (eight samples), with a consideration of the viability of commercial extraction of REY + Sc from these materials. The coal and ash samples were analysed using a variety of routine and advanced techniques, including petrography, Malvern particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Total REY concentrations ranged from 95 to 149 ppm in the coal samples, and H– and M-type REY enrichment types were determined. Total REY concentrations ranged from 402 to 599 ppm in the ash samples, far higher than the average upper crustal values, and higher than global average hard coal ash values, but lower than REY-rich coal ashes recorded for various deposits globally. The INAA data are comparable to the ICP-MS data for most elements considered, and Sc was determined. Further investigations are required to confirm the potential of the Main Karoo Basin coal ash for economically viable REY extraction.