Unhealthy eating behaviour in adolescents
Unhealthy eating behaviour in adolescents
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青少年不健康的饮食行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Fernández Cc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amelia Rodríguez Martín;J. M. M. Nieto;Miguel Angel Ruiz Jiménez;J. P. N. Ruiz;Vázquez Mc;Fernández Yc;Gómez Ma;Fernández Cc
近年来，饮食失调（厌食症和神经性贪食症）有所增加，并且出现在越来越年轻的年龄。它们主要影响12至25岁的青春期女性。这项针对青少年的研究的目的是发现和讨论不健康的饮食行为，这些行为由以下两个因素之一来定义：(1)在没有任何受过保健培训的人的建议或监督的情况下遵循瘦身饮食；或者(2)不规律地大量进食，与焦虑或压力无关。在Cádiz（西班牙安达卢西亚）对630名14-18岁（平均15.9岁）的学童进行了一项横向研究，采用匿名自我报告问卷收集个人和教育情况、饮食习惯、营养摄入和营养知识以及节食和体育锻炼方面的数据。该研究考虑了平均值、比率、统计显著性（x2）以及作为风险度量的患病率不平等比率（DRP）。46.3%（292例）出现异常进食行为，其中女性以2:1的比例占优势。饮食习惯异常组与正常组比较，在身体形象感知（p < 0.001）、称体重频率（p < 0.05）、禁食时间（DRP 1.66； 95%可信区间（CI）： 1.66 ~ 2.37）、引发呕吐（DRP 2.02; 95% CI: 1.13 ~ 3.65）、使用泻药（DRP 4.25; 95% CI: 1.08 ~ 9.63）、不吃特定食物和类型的食物（主要是面包和谷物、脂肪和糖）等方面存在显著差异。对加的斯青少年不健康饮食行为的大规模得出结论。应就个人健康和有关社会问题提供更充分的教育。
In recent years, eating disorders (Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa) have increased and are appearing at increasingly younger ages. They affect predominantly adolescent females 12 to 25 years of age. The objective of this study of adolescents is to detect and discuss unhealthy eating behaviour, defined by either of two factors: (1) following a slimming diet not advised or supervised by any person trained in health care; or (2) eating very large quantities at irregular times, not related to anxiety or stress. A transversal study has been undertaken of 630 school children of 14–18 years of age (average: 15.9 years) in Cádiz (Andalucia, Spain), using an anonymous self-reporting questionnaire to collect data on personal and educational situation, on eating habits, on nutritive intake and knowledge of nutrition, and on dieting and physical exercise. The study has considered averages, ratios, statistical significance (x2) and, as a measure of risk, the Disequality Ratio of Prevalence (DRP). Anomalous eating behaviour was detected in 46.3% (292), with females predominant by a ratio of 2:1. Comparing groups with anomalous and with normal eating habits, significant differences were detected in respect of: perception of body image (p < 0.001), frequency of weighing oneself (p < 0.05), periods of abstinence from eating (DRP 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.66–2.37), provocation of vomiting (DRP 2.02; 95% CI: 1.13–3.65), use of laxatives (DRP 4.25; 95% CI: 1.08–9.63), and the exclusion of certain meals and types of food, mainly bread and cereals, fats and sugars. Conclusions are drawn on the substantial scale of unhealthy eating behaviour among adolescents in Cadiz. More adequate education on personal health and related social issues should be provided.