The role of landmarks and boundaries in the development of spatial memory
The role of landmarks and boundaries in the development of spatial memory
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00870.x
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Burgess, Neil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bullens, Jessie;Nardini, Marko;Burgess, Neil
有人提出，学习一个物体相对于（1）迷宫内地标和（2）局部边界的位置是由平行的纹状体和海马系统支持的，这两个系统都依赖于来自第三个系统的输入来定位。然而，很少有人知道这些系统的空间学习的贡献的发展轨迹。本研究测试了5岁和7岁的儿童和成人的水迷宫一样的任务中，所有三种类型的线索。参与者必须记住隐藏在一个圆形有界环境中的物体的位置，该环境包含一个可移动的intramaze地标，并被远端线索包围。儿童比成人表现得更不准确，并且表现出不同的错误模式。虽然成年人最依赖于边界提供的稳定线索，儿童依赖于地标和边界线索类似，这表明发展的权重增加边界线索。此外，成年人是最准确的编码角度信息（依赖于远端线索），而儿童是最准确的编码距离，这表明发展能力，使用远端线索定向。这些结果表明，5岁的儿童使用边界，intramaze地标，和远端的视觉线索平行，但这些线索的基本准确性和相对权重的变化在随后的发展。
It has been suggested that learning an object's location relative to (1) intramaze landmarks and (2) local boundaries is supported by parallel striatal and hippocampal systems, both of which rely upon input from a third system for orientation. However, little is known about the developmental trajectories of these systems' contributions to spatial learning. The present study tested 5- and 7-year-old children and adults on a water maze-like task in which all three types of cue were available. Participants had to remember the location of an object hidden in a circular bounded environment containing a moveable intramaze landmark and surrounded by distal cues. Children performed less accurately than adults, and showed a different pattern of error. While adults relied most on the stable cue provided by the boundary, children relied on both landmark and boundary cues similarly, suggesting a developmental increase in the weighting given to boundary cues. Further, adults were most accurate in coding angular information (dependent on distal cues), whereas children were most accurate in coding distance, suggesting a developing ability to use distal cues to orient. These results indicate that children as young as 5 years use boundary, intramaze landmark, and distal visual cues in parallel, but that the basic accuracy and relative weighting of these cues changes during subsequent development.