Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review
Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review
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蚂蚁膜翅目寄生蜂的物种多样性和行为：综述
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
G. Pérez‐Lachaud
中科院分区：
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作者：
J. Lachaud;G. Pérez‐Lachaud
与蚂蚁相关的膜翅目的报道涉及500多种，但仅与实际寄生虫有关。在本文中，我们试图概述这些寄生虫黄蜂的多样性以及与蚂蚁宿主形成的相互作用类型的多样性。使用蚂蚁作为主要寄主的可靠寄生虫黄蜂的可靠清单包括至少138种，据报道，1852年至2011年之间，分布在来自3个超家族的9个家庭中。这些寄生虫表现出各种各样的生物学和发育策略：肾上腺或内寄生虫，孤立或群体，以及iio-或koinobiobisis。除卵外，所有蚂蚁和所有发育阶段都是可能的目标。一些物种在巢外觅食或进行其他活动时会寄生成年工人蚂蚁；但是，在大多数情况下，寄生虫在其巢内或外部攻击蚂蚁幼虫。基于它们在攻击蚂蚁方面的丰富性和成功，一些寄生的黄蜂（如Diapriids和eucharitids）似乎是探索寄生虫如何影响蚂蚁殖民地人口统计学，种群生物学和蚂蚁社区结构的出色潜在模型。尽管我们对蚂蚁的膜翅目寄生虫的了解显着增加，但其中大多数仍有待发现。
Reports of hymenopterans associated with ants involve more than 500 species, but only a fraction unambiguously pertain to actual parasitoids. In this paper, we attempt to provide an overview of both the diversity of these parasitoid wasps and the diversity of the types of interactions they have formed with their ant hosts. The reliable list of parasitoid wasps using ants as primary hosts includes at least 138 species, reported between 1852 and 2011, distributed among 9 families from 3 superfamilies. These parasitoids exhibit a wide array of biologies and developmental strategies: ecto- or endoparasitism, solitary or gregarious, and idio- or koinobiosis. All castes of ants and all developmental stages, excepting eggs, are possible targets. Some species parasitize adult worker ants while foraging or performing other activities outside the nest; however, in most cases, parasitoids attack ant larvae either inside or outside their nests. Based on their abundance and success in attacking ants, some parasitoid wasps like diapriids and eucharitids seem excellent potential models to explore how parasitoids impact ant colony demography, population biology, and ant community structure. Despite a significant increase in our knowledge of hymenopteran parasitoids of ants, most of them remain to be discovered.