Radiation risk perception: a discrepancy between the experts and the general population
Radiation risk perception: a discrepancy between the experts and the general population
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.04.005
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Perko, Tanja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Perko, Tanja
确定经常接触辐射的专家和普通民众对风险认知的差异，有助于了解如何将潜在危害有效地传达给公众。在本研究中，我们调查了普通人（N = 1020）和专家（N = 332）对五种不同辐射风险的看法：核废料、医疗x射线、自然辐射、核设施事故，特别是福岛事故。为了将风险认知与风险传播联系起来，本文采用定量和定性的内容分析方法对辐射风险的媒体报道进行了分析。结果表明，专家对辐射风险的认识与普通公众不同。专家对医用x射线和自然辐射的认知明显高于普通民众，而对核废料和核设施事故的认知则低于普通民众。对一组在研究前一年接受有效剂量高于0.5毫西弗的工人进行了深入研究；对于这个群体，我们确定了风险感知的预测因素。结果清楚地表明，大众媒体在处理辐射风险时使用的语言与技术专家不同。研究表明，专家与公众之间的风险认知差异和沟通差距给相互理解带来了很大的挑战。(c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Determining the differences in the perception of risks between experts who are regularly exposed to radiation, and lay people provides important insights into how potential hazards may be effectively communicated to the public. In the present study we examined lay people's (N = 1020) and experts' (N = 332) perception of five different radiological risks: nuclear waste, medical x-rays, natural radiation, an accident at a nuclear installation in general, and the Fukushima accident in particular. In order to link risk perception with risk communication, media reporting about radiation risks is analysed using quantitative and qualitative content analyses. The results showed that experts perceive radiological risks differently from the general public. Experts' perception of medical X-rays and natural radiation is significantly higher than in general population, while for nuclear waste and an accident at a nuclear installation, experts have lower risk perception than the general population. In-depth research is conducted for a group of workers that received an effective dose higher than 0.5 mSv in the year before the study; for this group we identify predictors of risk perception. The results clearly show that mass media don't use the same language as technical experts in addressing radiological risks. The study demonstrates that the discrepancy in risk perception and the communication gap between the experts and the general population presents a big challenge in understanding each other. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.