Chloroplast evolution, structure and functions.
Chloroplast evolution, structure and functions.
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DOI：
10.12703/p6-40
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leister D
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen PE;Leister D
在这篇综述中，我们考虑了叶绿体生物学的最新进展的选择。这些包括关于叶绿体进化的新发现，如确定衣原体作为初级内共生的第三个合作伙伴，初级内共生的第二个实例，在Paulinella属的变形虫中发现的色素细胞为代表，以及对sacoglossan海蛞蝓中捕获的叶绿体（kleptoplasts）的寿命的新解释。围绕的争论的三维结构的基粒，其最近的决议断层分析，和曲率thylakoid 1（CURT 1）蛋白在支持基粒形成的作用进行了讨论。我们还提出了一个更新的清单光合蛋白和参与类囊体多蛋白复合物组装的因素，并评估发现，揭示了循环电子流涉及NADPH脱氢酶（NDH）和PGRL 1/PGRL 5依赖的途径，这两个接收电子从铁氧还蛋白。在这篇评论中涉及的其他主题包括新的蛋白质组成的类核，更新的清单叶绿体蛋白质组，新的酶在叶绿素生物合成和新的候选信使在逆行信号。最后，我们讨论了第一个成功的合成生物学方法，导致在叶绿体中，从光合光反应的电子被喂给来自次生代谢的酶。
In this review, we consider a selection of recent advances in chloroplast biology. These include new findings concerning chloroplast evolution, such as the identification of Chlamydiae as a third partner in primary endosymbiosis, a second instance of primary endosymbiosis represented by the chromatophores found in amoebae of the genus Paulinella, and a new explanation for the longevity of captured chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) in sacoglossan sea slugs. The controversy surrounding the three-dimensional structure of grana, its recent resolution by tomographic analyses, and the role of the CURVATURE THYLAKOID1 (CURT1) proteins in supporting grana formation are also discussed. We also present an updated inventory of photosynthetic proteins and the factors involved in the assembly of thylakoid multiprotein complexes, and evaluate findings that reveal that cyclic electron flow involves NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH)- and PGRL1/PGR5-dependent pathways, both of which receive electrons from ferredoxin. Other topics covered in this review include new protein components of nucleoids, an updated inventory of the chloroplast proteome, new enzymes in chlorophyll biosynthesis and new candidate messengers in retrograde signaling. Finally, we discuss the first successful synthetic biology approaches that resulted in chloroplasts in which electrons from the photosynthetic light reactions are fed to enzymes derived from secondary metabolism.