Ancient DNA evidence for the loss of a highly divergent brown bear clade during historical times
Ancient DNA evidence for the loss of a highly divergent brown bear clade during historical times
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03631.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Hanni, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvignac, Sebastien;Hughes, Sandrine;Hanni, Catherine
近年来，人们对现代棕熊（熊）的遗传多样性进行了广泛的研究，并在地理上划分为五个主要分支。古代DNA研究最近解决了该物种过去多样性的问题，该研究得出结论，在过去的35000年里，该物种的遗传相对稳定。然而，末次冰期后物种最大遗传多样性的记录仍然很少，特别是在旧大陆。在这里，我们分析了在全新世时期灭绝的阿特拉斯棕熊。一种不同的棕熊线粒体DNA谱系在之前研究过的任何现代或古代棕熊样本中都没有发现，这表明过去的美洲棕熊的多样性比现在更大。特别是，在更新世/全新世过渡之后，随着阿特拉斯棕熊的灭绝，棕熊种内多样性的很大一部分（相对于序列分化）丧失了。
The genetic diversity of present-day brown bears (Ursus arctos) has been extensively studied over the years and appears to be geographically structured into five main clades. The question of the past diversity of the species has been recently addressed by ancient DNA studies that concluded to a relative genetic stability over the last 35 000 years. However, the post-last glacial maximum genetic diversity of the species still remains poorly documented, notably in the Old World. Here, we analyse Atlas brown bears, which became extinct during the Holocene period. A divergent brown bear mitochondrial DNA lineage not present in any of the previously studied modern or ancient bear samples was uncovered, suggesting that the diversity of U. arctos was larger in the past than it is now. Specifically, a significant portion (with respect to sequence divergence) of the intraspecific diversity of the brown bear was lost with the extinction of the Atlas brown bear after the Pleistocene/Holocene transition.