Emotion experience and regulation in China and the United States: How do culture and gender shape emotion responding?
Emotion experience and regulation in China and the United States: How do culture and gender shape emotion responding?
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DOI：
10.1080/00207594.2011.626043
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dong, Qi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Elizabeth;Greenberger, Ellen;Dong, Qi
文化和性别塑造了情感体验和调节，部分原因是人们认为这些群体对情感的价值及其表达方式各不相同。本研究验证了文化和性别会交互作用预测人们的情绪反应（情绪强度和调节策略）的假设。中国（n = 220; 52%女性）和美国大学生（n = 241; 62%女性）在收到指示后观看旨在引发负面情绪的照片，要么“只是感觉”任何出现的情绪（只是感觉），要么“做些什么”，以便他们在观看照片时不会体验任何情绪（调节）。然后，所有参与者都对他们经历的情绪强度进行了评级，并描述了他们在观看照片时使用的任何情绪调节策略。与预测一致，文化和性别与实验条件相互作用，以预测强度：中国男性报告的情绪水平相对较低，而美国女性报告的情绪水平相对较高。脱离策略（特别是疏远）与较低的情绪强度有关，最常被中国男性报告。总之，研究结果表明，情绪调节策略可能有助于在西方和东亚文化的情绪体验的差异。
Culture and gender shape emotion experience and regulation, in part because the value placed on emotions and the manner of their expression is thought to vary across these groups. This study tested the hypothesis that culture and gender would interact to predict people's emotion responding (emotion intensity and regulatory strategies). Chinese (n = 220; 52% female) and American undergraduates (n = 241; 62% female) viewed photos intended to elicit negative emotions after receiving instructions to either "just feel" any emotions that arose (Just Feel), or to "do something" so that they would not experience any emotion while viewing the photos (Regulate). All participants then rated the intensity of their experienced emotions and described any emotion-regulation strategies that they used while viewing the photos. Consistent with predictions, culture and gender interacted with experimental condition to predict intensity: Chinese men reported relatively low levels of emotion, whereas American women reported relatively high levels of emotion. Disengagement strategies (especially distancing) were related to lower emotional intensity and were reported most often by Chinese men. Taken together, findings suggest that emotion-regulation strategies may contribute to differences in emotional experience across Western and East Asian cultures.