Neuroplasticity subserving the operation of brain-machine interfaces.
Neuroplasticity subserving the operation of brain-machine interfaces.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nbd.2015.05.001
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Badreldin IS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oweiss KG;Badreldin IS
神经可塑性是脑机接口(BMI)运行的关键，BMI是大脑和人造计算设备之间的直接通信路径。尽管将大脑活动的意志控制与神经反馈联系起来的外源性BMI已被证明可以诱导长期的可塑性，但使用长期的活动依赖刺激的内源性BMI-因此可能缩短控制自然感觉运动整合环的时间尺度-已被证明可以诱导短期的可塑性。在这里，我们总结了使用这两类BMI的最新研究结果，并讨论了可能支持它们操作的基本原理以及它们所引起的可塑性的持久性。我们比较了已知的调节自然感觉运动技能学习的可塑性机制，并讨论了可能限制成年哺乳动物大脑内源性BMI效应的动态平衡调节原理。我们认为，BMI可以被设计成促进结构和功能的可塑性，目的是重组目标大脑区域和定向增强感觉运动图，并为未来的工作提供可能的途径，以最大限度地提高其临床应用的有效性和可行性。
Neuroplasticity is key to the operation of brain machine interfaces (BMIs)—a direct communication pathway between the brain and a man-made computing device. Whereas exogenous BMIs that associate volitional control of brain activity with neurofeedback have been shown to induce long lasting plasticity, endogenous BMIs that use prolonged activity-dependent stimulation – and thus may curtail the time scale that governs natural sensorimotor integration loops – have been shown to induce short lasting plasticity. Here we summarize recent findings from studies using both categories of BMIs, and discuss the fundamental principles that may underlie their operation and the longevity of the plasticity they induce. We draw comparison to plasticity mechanisms known to mediate natural sensorimotor skill learning and discuss principles of homeostatic regulation that may constrain endogenous BMI effects in the adult mammalian brain. We propose that BMIs could be designed to facilitate structural and functional plasticity for the purpose of re-organization of target brain regions and directed augmentation of sensorimotor maps, and suggest possible avenues for future work to maximize their efficacy and viability in clinical applications.