Formation of Teeth
Formation of Teeth
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牙齿的形成
DOI：
10.1002/9783527619443.ch55
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Christian Klein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katharina Reichenmiller;Christian Klein
在牙齿发育过程中，会发生几种不同的矿化过程。牙齿是牙齿硬组织和软组织的功能系统，牙齿的形成是遗传和随后的细胞控制的基础。矿化是由基质囊泡的出现引起的，随后是细胞外基质矿化过程。细胞能够分泌钙化基质，并且它们的代谢负责在选定的预先固定的细胞外位点启动磷灰石形成。细胞增殖、分化和矿化之间的平衡是通过已知和未知的激素、细胞因子和形态发生因子的途径来调节的。牙本质是由Ca。70重量%无机化合物、10重量%水和20重量%有机基质，并且主要由胶原纤维组成。牙釉质由95重量%的无机化合物、4重量%的水和1重量%的有机基质组成，并且是脊椎动物体内最硬的组织。牙釉质含有长而薄的取代羟基磷灰石微晶。牙骨质形成牙齿的基本部分并且也是牙周组织的组分，其由61重量%无机化合物、12重量%水和27重量%有机基质组成。
During tooth development, several different mineralization processes take place. The tooth is a functional system of dental hard and soft tissues, and the formation of teeth underlies genetic and subsequent cellular control. Mineralization arises by the occurrence of matrix vesicles, followed subsequently by extracellular matrix mineralization processes. Cells are able to secrete a calcifying matrix, and their metabolism is responsible for initiating apatite formation at selected, prefixed extracellular sites. The balance between cell proliferation, differentiation and mineralization is regulated by involving the pathways of known and unknown hormones, cytokines and morphogenic factors. Dentin is composed of ca. 70 wt% inorganic compounds, 10 wt% water, and 20 wt% organic matrix, and consists predominantly of collagen fibers. Enamel is composed of 95 wt% inorganic compounds, 4 wt% water, and 1 wt% organic matrix, and is the hardest tissue in the vertebrate body. Enamel contains long, thin crystallites of substituted hydroxyapatite. Cementum, which forms a basic part of the tooth and is also a component of the periodontium, consists of 61 wt% inorganic compounds, 12 wt% water, and 27 wt% organic matrix.