Calcium Channels in the Heart: Disease States and Drugs.
Calcium Channels in the Heart: Disease States and Drugs.
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DOI：
10.3390/cells11060943
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发表时间：
2022-03-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Gururaja Rao S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shah K;Seeley S;Schulz C;Fisher J;Gururaja Rao S
钙离子是细胞中的主要信号离子。它们调节肌肉收缩、神经递质分泌、细胞生长和迁移以及包括酶和离子通道和转运蛋白在内的几种蛋白质的活性。它们参与各种信号转导途径，从而调节主要的生理功能。钙离子进入细胞是由特定的钙通道和转运蛋白调节的。主要有六种类型的钙通道，其中只有两种在心脏中突出。在心脏组织中，两种类型的钙通道是L型和T型。L型通道存在于所有心肌细胞中，T型通道在浦肯野细胞、起搏细胞和心房细胞中表达。这两种类型的通道都有助于房室传导以及起搏器活动。鉴于钙通道在心脏传导系统中的关键作用，已知这些通道的突变和功能障碍会导致多种疾病和病症。因此，靶向钙通道的药物用于各种心脏疾病，包括但不限于高血压、心绞痛和心律失常。本文综述了心脏钙通道的类型、功能及其突变和功能障碍引起的疾病。最后，本文还重点介绍了钙通道阻滞剂的类型及其在各种心脏疾病中的应用。
Calcium ions are the major signaling ions in the cells. They regulate muscle contraction, neurotransmitter secretion, cell growth and migration, and the activity of several proteins including enzymes and ion channels and transporters. They participate in various signal transduction pathways, thereby regulating major physiological functions. Calcium ion entry into the cells is regulated by specific calcium channels and transporters. There are mainly six types of calcium channels, of which only two are prominent in the heart. In cardiac tissues, the two types of calcium channels are the L type and the T type. L-type channels are found in all cardiac cells and T-type are expressed in Purkinje cells, pacemaker and atrial cells. Both these types of channels contribute to atrioventricular conduction as well as pacemaker activity. Given the crucial role of calcium channels in the cardiac conduction system, mutations and dysfunctions of these channels are known to cause several diseases and disorders. Drugs targeting calcium channels hence are used in a wide variety of cardiac disorders including but not limited to hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. This review summarizes the type of cardiac calcium channels, their function, and disorders caused by their mutations and dysfunctions. Finally, this review also focuses on the types of calcium channel blockers and their use in a variety of cardiac disorders.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cribbs, Leanne L.
通讯作者：
Cribbs, Leanne L.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Marionneau, C;Couette, B;Demolombe, S
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Lam A;Karekar P;Shah K;Hariharan G;Fleyshman M;Kaur H;Singh H;Gururaja Rao S
通讯作者：
Gururaja Rao S
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Antzelevitch, C