Sequencing of 50 human exomes reveals adaptation to high altitude.

Sequencing of 50 human exomes reveals adaptation to high altitude.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1190371
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发表时间:
2010-07-02
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wang J
Wang J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yi X;Liang Y;Huerta-Sanchez E;Jin X;Cuo ZX;Pool JE;Xu X;Jiang H;Vinckenbosch N;Korneliussen TS;Zheng H;Liu T;He W;Li K;Luo R;Nie X;Wu H;Zhao M;Cao H;Zou J;Shan Y;Li S;Yang Q;Asan;Ni P;Tian G;Xu J;Liu X;Jiang T;Wu R;Zhou G;Tang M;Qin J;Wang T;Feng S;Li G;Huasang;Luosang J;Wang W;Chen F;Wang Y;Zheng X;Li Z;Bianba Z;Yang G;Wang X;Tang S;Gao G;Chen Y;Luo Z;Gusang L;Cao Z;Zhang Q;Ouyang W;Ren X;Liang H;Zheng H;Huang Y;Li J;Bolund L;Kristiansen K;Li Y;Zhang Y;Zhang X;Li R;Li S;Yang H;Nielsen R;Wang J;Wang J

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青藏高原的居民表现出对极端海拔的可遗传适应性。我们对50名藏族个体的外显子组进行了测序,涵盖了92%的人类基因的编码序列,平均每个人的覆盖度为18倍。我们鉴定出了显示出群体特异性等位基因频率变化的基因,这些基因是适应高海拔的有力候选基因。自然选择的最强信号来自EPAS1,它是一种参与缺氧反应的转录因子。EPAS1上的一个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)在藏族和汉族样本之间显示出78%的频率差异,这代表了迄今为止在任何人类基因中观察到的最快的等位基因频率变化。这个SNP与红细胞数量的关联支持了EPAS1在适应缺氧中的作用。因此,一项群体基因组学调查揭示了在对高海拔的遗传适应中一个具有重要功能的基因位点。
Residents of the Tibetan Plateau show heritable adaptations to extreme altitude. We sequenced 50 exomes of ethnic Tibetans, encompassing coding sequences of 92% of human genes, with an average coverage of 18X per individual. Genes showing population-specific allele frequency changes, which represent strong candidates for altitude adaptation, were identified. The strongest signal of natural selection came from EPAS1, a transcription factor involved in response to hypoxia. One SNP at EPAS1 shows a 78% frequency difference between Tibetan and Han samples, representing the fastest allele frequency change observed at any human gene to date. This SNP’s association with erythrocyte abundance supports the role of EPAS1 in adaptation to hypoxia. Thus, a population genomic survey has revealed a functionally important locus in genetic adaptation to high altitude.
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