Microglia development and function.
Microglia development and function.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120240
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
29.7
通讯作者：
McGavern DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nayak D;Roth TL;McGavern DB
哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）的正常发育和功能关键取决于被称为小胶质细胞的实质哨兵的活性。虽然小胶质细胞最初被描述为分支的脑驻留吞噬细胞，在过去的世纪进行的研究已经大大扩展了这一狭隘的观点，并归因于这些动态的CNS居民的许多功能。小胶质细胞现在被认为是体内最多功能的细胞之一，具有在形态和功能上适应不断变化的环境的能力。即使在静息状态下，小胶质细胞的过程也是高度动态的，并且持续扫描CNS。事实上，小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统稳态的重要参与者，这些哨兵的失调可引起神经系统疾病。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们对小胶质细胞生物学的理解中令人兴奋的发展，从它们的发育起源到它们参与中枢神经系统稳态和病理生理状态，例如神经精神疾病、神经变性、无菌损伤反应和传染病。我们还深入研究了最近使用实时成像技术发现的小胶质细胞动力学世界。
Proper development and function of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) depend critically on the activity of parenchymal sentinels referred to as microglia. Although microglia were first described as ramified brain-resident phagocytes, research conducted over the past century has expanded considerably upon this narrow view and ascribed many functions to these dynamic CNS inhabitants. Microglia are now considered among the most versatile cells in the body, possessing the capacity to morphologically and functionally adapt to their ever-changing surroundings. Even in a resting state, the processes of microglia are highly dynamic and perpetually scan the CNS. Microglia are in fact vital participants in CNS homeostasis, and dysregulation of these sentinels can give rise to neurological disease. In this review, we discuss the exciting developments in our understanding of microglial biology, from their developmental origin to their participation in CNS homeostasis and pathophysiological states such as neuropsychiatric disorders, neurodegeneration, sterile injury responses, and infectious diseases. We also delve into the world of microglial dynamics recently uncovered using real-time imaging techniques.
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影响因子：
25
作者：
Ballas, Nurit;Lioy, Daniel T.;Grunseich, Christopher;Mandel, Gail
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
20.3
作者：
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
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