Defining the Little Ice Age
Defining the Little Ice Age
复制标题
定义小冰河时代
DOI：
10.5194/cpd-6-2159-2010
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Bakke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ø. Paasche;J. Bakke
抽象的。“小冰期”(LIA)可能是过去记录最好的气候异常。各种各样的数据集描绘了恶劣的气候，在过去一千年的某个时候，欧洲各地的人们的生活条件恶化，主要表现在气温下降方面。尽管有大量数据涵盖土地利用评估，但关于其空间表现形式(是区域性的还是全球性的？)、时间限制(何时开始和结束？)或与之相关的大范围动态(涉及哪些机制？)，目前还没有达成共识，尽管也不乏建议。根据对反映高、低纬大气环流的最新资料的汇编，我们发现大气环流持续了大约400年(∼1400-1800年)。在此期间，地球上至少有四个主要的大气环流系统在十年到百年的时间尺度上是共同变化的：北方环状模式(NAM)、热带辐合带(ITCZ)、厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)和西非季风(WAM)。这种汇聚模式表明，这些循环系统之间的强耦合是实现LIA的重要前提条件。
Abstract. The "Little Ice Age" (LIA) is possibly the best-documented climatic anomaly of the past. A wide range of datasets portrays a harsh climate that worsened living conditions, primarily in terms of cooler temperatures, for people across Europe sometime during the last millennium. Regardless of the vast amount of data covering the LIA, there is presently no consensus concerning its spatial manifestation (was it regional or global?), its temporal constraints (when did it start and end?), or the broad-scale dynamics associated with it (what mechanisms did it involve?), although there is no shortage of suggestions. Based on a new compilation of data reflecting atmospheric circulation at both high and low latitudes, we show that the LIA lasted for roughly 400 years (∼1400–1800 AD). During this period at least four major atmospheric circulation systems on Earth co-varied on decadal to centennial timescales: Northern Annular Mode (NAM), Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and West African Monsoon (WAM). This pattern of convergence suggests that a strong coupling between these circulation systems was an important pre-condition for the realisation of the LIA.