Spatial Regulation of Root Growth: Placing the Plant TOR Pathway in a Developmental Perspective.
Spatial Regulation of Root Growth: Placing the Plant TOR Pathway in a Developmental Perspective.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms160819671
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发表时间：
2015-08-19
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Menand B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrada A;Montané MH;Robaglia C;Menand B
植物细胞含有专门的结构，如细胞壁和大液泡，它们在细胞生长中起主要作用。根遵循有组织的发育模式，使它们成为研究植物细胞增殖和生长时空调控的首选器官。在根生长过程中，细胞起源于静止中心周围的原始细胞，在分生组织的分裂区增殖，然后在伸长区长度增加，在成熟区达到其最终大小和分化阶段。植物激素，特别是生长素和细胞分裂素，控制细胞分裂和分化之间的动态平衡，从而控制器官大小。植物的生长也受到代谢物和营养物质的调节，例如光合作用产生的糖或从土壤中吸收的硝酸盐。最近的文献表明，保守的真核细胞TOR（雷帕霉素靶蛋白）激酶途径在协调植物生长中起着重要作用。我们将总结如何调节细胞增殖和细胞扩张的植物激素是在根生长的心脏，然后讨论最近的数据表明，TOR途径整合激素和营养信号，以协调根的生长。
Plant cells contain specialized structures, such as a cell wall and a large vacuole, which play a major role in cell growth. Roots follow an organized pattern of development, making them the organs of choice for studying the spatio-temporal regulation of cell proliferation and growth in plants. During root growth, cells originate from the initials surrounding the quiescent center, proliferate in the division zone of the meristem, and then increase in length in the elongation zone, reaching their final size and differentiation stage in the mature zone. Phytohormones, especially auxins and cytokinins, control the dynamic balance between cell division and differentiation and therefore organ size. Plant growth is also regulated by metabolites and nutrients, such as the sugars produced by photosynthesis or nitrate assimilated from the soil. Recent literature has shown that the conserved eukaryotic TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase pathway plays an important role in orchestrating plant growth. We will summarize how the regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion by phytohormones are at the heart of root growth and then discuss recent data indicating that the TOR pathway integrates hormonal and nutritive signals to orchestrate root growth.