Paraimmunobiotic Bifidobacteria Modulate the Expression Patterns of Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins in Porcine Intestinal Epitheliocytes and Antigen Presenting Cells
Paraimmunobiotic Bifidobacteria Modulate the Expression Patterns of Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins in Porcine Intestinal Epitheliocytes and Antigen Presenting Cells
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DOI：
10.3390/cells8080891
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Hikaru Iida;M. Tohno;M. A. Islam;Nana Sato;Hisakazu Kobayashi;L. Albarracín;A. Kober;W. Ikeda-Ohtsubo;Y. Suda;H. Aso;T. Nochi;A. Miyazaki;H. Uenishi;N. Iwabuchi;J. Xiao;J. Villena;H. Kitazawa
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文献类型：
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作者：
Hikaru Iida;M. Tohno;M. A. Islam;Nana Sato;Hisakazu Kobayashi;L. Albarracín;A. Kober;W. Ikeda-Ohtsubo;Y. Suda;H. Aso;T. Nochi;A. Miyazaki;H. Uenishi;N. Iwabuchi;J. Xiao;J. Villena;H. Kitazawa
肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGLYRPs）是一个能够通过与肽聚糖（PGN）、脂多糖或脂磷壁酸结合或通过与其他模式识别受体（PRRs）配体相互作用来诱导先天性免疫应答的PRRs家族。近年来，人们对PGLYRPs在人和小鼠体内的免疫生物学研究取得了一定进展，但对PGLYRPs在家畜体内的功能研究较少。在这项研究中，我们的特点是猪肠上皮（PIE）细胞和抗原呈递细胞（APC）的表达模式和调节宿主细胞与PRR配体和非可行的免疫调节益生菌（称为paraimmunobiotics）的相互作用。我们证明了PGLYRP-1、-2、-3和-4在PIE细胞和来自派尔集合淋巴结的APC中表达，PGLYPR-3和-4的水平高于PGLYRP-1和-2。我们还表明，PGLYRPs的表达在APC和PIE细胞可以调制不同的PRR激动剂。通过使用TLR 2、TLR 4、NOD 1和NOD 2或四种PGLYRPs的敲低PIE细胞，我们证明了PGLYRPs表达是猪上皮细胞中TLR 2、TLR 4、NOD 1和NOD 2激活和发挥功能所必需的，但PGLYRPs激活与PRR表达无关。重要的是，我们第一次报道了PGLYRPs的表达可以通过副免疫生物素细菌以菌株依赖性方式进行差异调节。这些结果提供了使用副免疫生物素细菌作为改善肠道感染抗性的替代物或作为降低疾病中炎症损伤严重程度的治疗工具的证据，其中PGLYRPs-微生物相互作用的作用已被证明。
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGLYRPs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are able to induce innate immune responses through their binding to peptidoglycan (PGN), lipopolysaccharide, or lipoteichoic acid, or by interacting with other PRR-ligands. Recently, progress has been made in understanding the immunobiology of PGLYRPs in human and mice, however, their functions in livestock animals have been less explored. In this study, we characterized the expression patterns of PGLYRPs in porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and their modulation by the interactions of host cells with PRR-ligands and non-viable immunomodulatory probiotics referred to as paraimmunobiotics. We demonstrated that PGLYRP-1, -2, -3, and -4 are expressed in PIE cells and APCs from Peyer’s patches, being PGLYPR-3 and -4 levels higher than PGLYRP-1 and -2. We also showed that PGLYRPs expression in APCs and PIE cells can be modulated by different PRR agonists. By using knockdown PIE cells for TLR2, TLR4, NOD1, and NOD2, or the four PGLYRPs, we demonstrated that PGLYRPs expressions would be required for activation and functioning of TLR2, TLR4, NOD1, and NOD2 in porcine epitheliocytes, but PGLYRPs activation would be independent of those PRR expressions. Importantly, we reported for the first time that PGLYRPs expression can be differentially modulated by paraimmunobiotic bifidobacteria in a strain-dependent manner. These results provide evidence for the use of paraimmunobiotic bifidobacteria as an alternative for the improvement of resistance to intestinal infections or as therapeutic tools for the reduction of the severity of inflammatory damage in diseases in which a role of PGLYRPs-microbe interaction has been demonstrated.