International and European experience of avoiding corruption risks during public procurement
International and European experience of avoiding corruption risks during public procurement
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国际和欧洲在公共采购过程中避免腐败风险的经验
DOI：
10.15421/151866
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Tsymbalenko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. V. Altsyvanovych;Y. Tsymbalenko
研究了国际和欧洲在公共采购中避免腐败风险的经验。对各国公共采购系统运作情况的分析得出的结论是，授权当局使用各种机制来确保其组织的有效性。这尤其适用于竞标要求、参与者信息披露、确立官员遵守法律规定的程序和规则的责任等。除了直接规范外国采购程序的规范性文件外，有关直接规范公共财政FC程序和原则的声明和标准也发挥着重要作用。确定了国际实践中避免公共采购实施中腐败风险的主要方法，即：心理方法、技术方法、过程监管、压制手段。结论限于个别势力或上述方式，只能取得短期效果，因为经过一定时间后，释放非法收入的结构和机制会发生变化，进入控制和反对手段之外的行业。其结果是，腐败损失总额将恢复到原来的水平，甚至超过原来的水平。因此，只有采用综合方法，即在公共采购过程的每个阶段平衡地使用所有反制方法，才有可能取得减少腐败指标的实际成果。
The international and European experience of avoiding corruption risks in public procurement has been investigated. An analysis of the functioning of the public procurement system in various countries led to the conclusion that the authorized authorities use various mechanisms to ensure the effectiveness of its organization. This applies, in particular, to the requirements for competitive bidding, disclosure of information by their participants, establishing the responsibility of officials for compliance with the procedures and rules established by law, etc.Along with the regulatory documents governing the procurement procedure in foreign countries directly, the important role is played by declarations and standards relating to the direct regulation of the procedures and principles of public finance FC.The main approaches used in international practice to avoid corruption risks in the implementation of public procurement are identified, namely: psychological methods, technical methods, regulation of processes, repressive means.It was concluded that, limited to individual branches of influence or the methods indicated above, only a short-term effect can be obtained, because after a certain period of time, the structure and mechanism for releasing illegal income will change, moving into industries not covered by instruments of control and opposition. As a result, the total corruption losses will return to their previous size or even exceed them. Consequently, it is possible to get tangible results of indicators of reducing corruption only by applying an integrated approach, that is, a balanced use of all methods of counteraction at each stage of the public procurement process.