Characterization of a dominant-active STAT that promotes tumorigenesis in Drosophila.

Characterization of a dominant-active STAT that promotes tumorigenesis in Drosophila.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.497
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发表时间:
2010-08-15
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Bach EA
Bach EA
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ekas LA;Cardozo TJ;Flaherty MS;McMillan EA;Gonsalves FC;Bach EA

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STAT蛋白促进肿瘤发生的分子机制知之甚少。果蝇是研究这个问题的理想系统,因为有一个单一的STAT(Stat 92 E),它的过度激活会导致类似人类肿瘤的过度生长。在这里,我们报告了第一个鉴定的显性活性Stat 92 E蛋白,Stat 92 E ΔNΔC,它缺乏N-和C-末端。Stat 92 E ΔNΔC在体内的错误表达会导致黑色素瘤,而在体外,它会在没有刺激的情况下反式激活Stat 92 E-荧光素酶报告基因。这些功能获得性表型需要Y 711的磷酸化和与全长Stat 92 E的二聚体形成。此外,一个单一的点突变,在DNA结合域的R442 P取代,废除Stat 92 E功能。重组Stat 92 ER 442 P在活化后易位至细胞核,但在所有测试的测定中均不起作用。有趣的是,R442在高等生物中的大多数STAT中是保守的,这表明功能保守。Stat 92 E的建模表明,R442可以通过所有STAT蛋白结合的共有结合元件中的不变TC碱基接触DNA的小沟。我们的结论是,N-和C-末端的功能出乎意料地负调节Stat 92 E的活性,可能是通过减少二聚体去磷酸化或增加DNA相互作用的稳定性,和Stat 92 ER 442具有核功能,通过改变二聚体:DNA结合。
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which STAT proteins promote tumorigenesis. Drosophila is an ideal system for investigating this issue, as there is a single STAT (Stat92E), and its hyperactivation causes overgrowths resembling human tumors. Here we report the first identification of a dominant-active Stat92E protein, Stat92EΔNΔC, which lacks both N- and C-termini. Mis-expression of Stat92EΔNΔC in vivo causes melanotic tumors, while in vitro it transactivates a Stat92E-luciferase reporter in the absence of stimulation. These gain-of-function phenotypes require phosphorylation of Y711 and dimer formation with full-length Stat92E. Furthermore, a single point mutation, an R442P substitution in the DNA-binding domain, abolishes Stat92E function. Recombinant Stat92ER442P translocates to the nucleus following activation but fails to function in all assays tested. Interestingly, R442 is conserved in most STATs in higher organisms, suggesting conservation of function. Modeling of Stat92E indicates that R442 may contact the minor groove of DNA via invariant TC bases in the consensus binding element bound by all STAT proteins. We conclude that the N- and C- termini function unexpectedly in negatively regulating Stat92E activity, possibly by decreasing dimer dephosphorylation or increasing stability of DNA interaction, and that Stat92ER442 has a nuclear function by altering dimer:DNA binding.
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