Behavioural and genetic interactions between an endangered and a recently-arrived hummingbird
Behavioural and genetic interactions between an endangered and a recently-arrived hummingbird
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濒临灭绝的蜂鸟和最近抵达的蜂鸟之间的行为和遗传相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
C. F. Estades
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. F. Dongen;I. Lazzoni;H. Winkler;R. Vásquez;C. F. Estades
非本地物种入侵或扩张到新的地理区域可能对生物多样性的保护构成重大威胁。当新到达的物种与已经受到其他生态或人为过程威胁的本地物种相互作用时，这些威胁就会增加。潜在的相互作用可能包括对稀缺资源的竞争和生殖干扰，包括杂交。了解这些相互作用的动态构成了保护管理策略的关键组成部分。最近在智利北部出现了濒临灭绝的智利木星（Eulidia yarrellii）和近亲最近到达的秘鲁剪尾（Thaumastura cora）之间的接触区，秘鲁剪尾在20世纪70年代将其活动范围从秘鲁扩大到智利。我们将种群大小估计与分子、形态和行为数据相结合，描述了物种之间的相互作用。我们发现，这两个物种之间发生了低程度的杂交，而不是渐渗。尽管种间形态相似，但行为观察表明，物种之间的食物生态位重叠相对较低，并且剪尾的饮食宽度较大，这可能有助于物种的范围扩大。最后，在雄性和雄性之间的领地互动中，木星占主导地位。然而，与频繁的领土追逐和与剪切尾的求爱有关的潜在的能量成本增加可能会加剧其他威胁对木星生存能力的影响，例如人类引起的栖息地改变。这项研究强调了在保护生物学中实施多学科方法的价值，以更全面地了解新到物种和濒危物种之间的相互作用。
The invasion or expansion of non-native species into new geographic areas can pose a major threat to the conservation of biodiversity. These threats are augmented when the newly-arrived species interacts with native species that are already threatened by other ecological or anthropogenic processes. Potential interactions can include both competition for scarce resources and reproductive interference, including hybridisation. Understanding the dynamics of these interactions forms a crucial component of conservation management strategies. A recent contact zone occurs in the north of Chile between the endangered Chilean woodstar (Eulidia yarrellii) and the closely-related and recently-arrived Peruvian sheartail (Thaumastura cora), which expanded its range from Peru into Chile during the 1970s. We characterised the interactions between the species by combining population size estimates with molecular, morphological and behavioural data. We show that a low degree of hybridisation, but not introgression, is occurring between the two species. Despite interspecific morphological similarities, behavioural observations indicate that food niche overlap between the species is relatively low, and that the dietary breadth of sheartails is larger, which may have aided the species’ range expansion. Finally, woodstars dominate the sheartails in male–male territorial interactions. However, potentially increased energetic costs for woodstars associated with frequent territorial chases and courtship displaying with sheartails may exacerbate the effects of other threats on woodstar viability, such as human-induced habitat modification. This study highlights the value of implementing multidisciplinary approaches in conservation biology to gain a more complete understanding of interactions between recently-arrived and endangered species.