Trends in the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in 15 year old adolescents over an 8 year period
Trends in the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in 15 year old adolescents over an 8 year period
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rmed.2014.02.011
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Toren, Kjell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Jeong-Lim;Brisman, Jonas;Toren, Kjell
背景：哮喘和过敏性疾病的流行趋势仍然存在争议，在青春期中期的青少年中很少有研究。方法：2000年，向瑞典瓦斯特拉戈塔兰县9年级的18,158名青少年邮寄了一份问卷。八年后，同样的问卷被邮寄给青少年(n=21,651)，使用与以前相同的纳入标准。2000年共有10,837名青少年完成了问卷调查，2008年有11,754名青少年完成了调查。用卡方检验分析不同时期内科医生诊断为哮喘、哮喘症状、鼻炎和湿疹患病率的差异。结果：2008年，内科医生确诊的哮喘、终生鼻炎和流行性鼻炎增多，喘息减少(p<；0.05)。考虑到性别、外国血统、体重指数和父母的教育程度，医生诊断为哮喘(OR 1.3[95%CI 1.2-1.4])、终生(1.7[1.6-1.8])和当前鼻炎(1.5[1.4-1.6])的患病率有所增加。湿疹减少(0.9[0.8~0.98])。这些趋势在男孩和女孩中是一致的，但在肥胖者中更为突出。在医生诊断的哮喘患者中，喘息、哮喘症状和哮喘药物治疗没有变化。结论：近十年来，医生诊断的哮喘患病率有所上升，可能是由于诊断方法的变化和一般意识的提高，而不是真正的增加。结果显示，鼻炎增加，湿疹减少。肥胖似乎有一种修正效应，这需要进一步研究。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background: Trends in prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases are still controversial, and rarely studied among adolescents at midpoint of puberty.Methods: In 2000, a questionnaire was mailed to adolescents (n = 18,158) attending 9th grade at school and living in Vastra Gotaland County, Sweden. Eight years later, the same questionnaire was mailed to adolescents (n = 21,651), using identical inclusion criteria as previously. Altogether, 10,837 adolescents completed the questionnaire in 2000 and 11,754 in 2008. Differences in prevalence of physician diagnosed asthma, asthma symptoms, rhinitis, and eczema between the periods were analyzed by Chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to test for trends in prevalence of these diseases, adjusting for potential con-founders.Results: Physician diagnosed asthma and lifetime and current rhinitis were increased in 2008, while wheeze decreased (p < 0.05). Taking sex, foreign descent, body mass index, and parents' education into account, the prevalence of physician diagnosed asthma (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.2-1.4]) and lifetime (1.7 [1.6-1.8]) and current rhinitis (1.5 [1.4-1.6]) had increased. Eczema had decreased (0.9 [0.8-0.98]). These trends were consistent in boys and girls, but more prominent in those with obesity. In physician diagnosed asthmatics, there was no change in wheeze, asthma symptoms, or asthma medication.Conclusions: The prevalence of physician diagnosed asthma has increased over the last decade, maybe due to combinations of changes in diagnostics and increased general awareness, rather than a real increase. Results showed an increase in rhinitis and a decrease in eczema. Obesity seems to have a modifying effect, which calls for further investigation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.