Coumarin: A Natural, Privileged and Versatile Scaffold for Bioactive Compounds.

Coumarin: A Natural, Privileged and Versatile Scaffold for Bioactive Compounds.
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香豆素:生物活性化合物的自然,特权和多才多艺的脚手架。

DOI:
10.3390/molecules23020250
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发表时间:
2018-01-27
期刊:
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Carotti A
Carotti A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stefanachi A;Leonetti F;Pisani L;Catto M;Carotti A

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许多天然存在的物质,传统上用于世界各地的流行药物,含有香豆素部分。香豆素因其独特的物理化学性质和易于合成转化为多种功能化香豆素而成为药物化学家的一种特殊骨架。因此,已经设计、合成和测试了大量香豆素衍生物,以选择性方式解决许多药理学靶点,例如,选择性酶抑制剂,以及最近,涉及多因素疾病(如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病)的一些选定的靶点(多靶点配体)。在这篇综述中,将介绍导致单和多官能化香豆素的最新合成途径的概述,沿着其生物合成和代谢转化的主要生物学途径。许多现有的和最近的评论在该领域促使我们作出一些激烈的选择,因此,审查的重点是单胺氧化酶,胆碱酯酶和芳香酶抑制剂,和多靶点香豆素作用于选定的目标神经退行性疾病。
Many naturally occurring substances, traditionally used in popular medicines around the world, contain the coumarin moiety. Coumarin represents a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemists, because of its peculiar physicochemical features, and the versatile and easy synthetic transformation into a large variety of functionalized coumarins. As a consequence, a huge number of coumarin derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and tested to address many pharmacological targets in a selective way, e.g., selective enzyme inhibitors, and more recently, a number of selected targets (multitarget ligands) involved in multifactorial diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In this review an overview of the most recent synthetic pathways leading to mono- and polyfunctionalized coumarins will be presented, along with the main biological pathways of their biosynthesis and metabolic transformations. The many existing and recent reviews in the field prompted us to make some drastic selections, and therefore, the review is focused on monoamine oxidase, cholinesterase, and aromatase inhibitors, and on multitarget coumarins acting on selected targets of neurodegenerative diseases.
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