Experimental Evidence for Density-Dependent Regulation and Selection on Trinidadian Guppy Life Histories
Experimental Evidence for Density-Dependent Regulation and Selection on Trinidadian Guppy Life Histories
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DOI：
10.1086/668590
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Travis, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bassar, Ronald D.;Lopez-Sepulcre, Andres;Travis, Joseph
最近的生态和进化过程之间的反馈研究重新引起了人们对种群调节和密度依赖选择的兴趣，因为它们代表了这些反馈的黑箱描述。种群调节和密度依赖选择在生活史进化中的作用已经得到了大量的理论关注，但很少有经验的例子证明它们的重要性。我们解决这一挑战，在自然种群的特立尼达孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼），不同的捕食制度。首先，我们测试了孔雀鱼的自然种群是否受密度依赖性的调节，并量化了密度的影响在生命周期的哪些阶段是重要的。我们发现，孔雀鱼从低捕食（LP）的环境受到严格的监管，密度依赖性的反应不成比例地影响一些大小类。其次，我们测试是否有密度依赖的选择之间的差异孔雀鱼LP或高捕食（HP）环境。我们发现HP孔雀鱼的适合度比LP孔雀鱼的适合度对密度的影响更敏感。最后，我们用进化入侵分析表明，根据密度对HP表型生存的影响，HP表型对密度的更大敏感性可以部分解释LP表型的进化。我们讨论了这些发现的相关性，生态学和进化之间的反馈研究。
Recent study of feedbacks between ecological and evolutionary processes has renewed interest in population regulation and density-dependent selection because they represent black-box descriptions of these feedbacks. The roles of population regulation and density-dependent selection in life-history evolution have received a significant amount of theoretical attention, but there are few empirical examples demonstrating their importance. We address this challenge in natural populations of the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata) that differ in their predation regimes. First, we tested whether natural populations of guppies are regulated by density dependence and quantified in which phases of the life cycle the effects of density are important. We found that guppies from low-predation (LP) environments are tightly regulated and that the density-dependent responses disproportionately affected some size classes. Second, we tested whether there are differences in density-dependent selection between guppies from LP or high-predation (HP) environments. We found that the fitness of HP guppies is more sensitive to the depressant effects of density than the fitness of LP guppies. Finally, we used an evolutionary invasion analysis to show that, depending on the effect of density on survival of the HP phenotype, this greater sensitivity of the HP phenotype to density can partially explain the evolution of the LP phenotype. We discuss the relevance of these findings to the study of feedbacks between ecology and evolution.