Versatile Aerogels for Sensors
Versatile Aerogels for Sensors
复制标题
用于传感器的多功能气凝胶
作者：
Yang Jing;Li Yi;Zheng Yuanyuan;Xu Yingming;Zheng Zhikun;Chen Xudong;Liu Wei
气凝胶是由相互连接的三维固体网络和大量充满空气的气孔组成的独特的固态材料。它们将纳米级构建块的结构特征和物理化学性质扩展到宏观尺度，并将气凝胶的典型特征如高孔隙率、大比表面积和低密度与各种组分的特定性质结合在一起。这些特性使气凝胶具有高灵敏度、高选择性以及快速响应和恢复传感器中的敏感材料，如气体传感器、生物传感器和应变和压力传感器等。近年来，大量研究工作致力于气凝胶传感器的开发，并取得了令人鼓舞的成就。本文综述了气凝胶的制备、分类、物化性质及其传感应用方面的突破性进展。此外，还总结了高性能气凝胶传感器发展面临的挑战和展望。
Aerogels are unique solid‐state materials composed of interconnected 3D solid networks and a large number of air‐filled pores. They extend the structural characteristics as well as physicochemical properties of nanoscale building blocks to macroscale, and integrate typical characteristics of aerogels, such as high porosity, large surface area, and low density, with specific properties of the various constituents. These features endow aerogels with high sensitivity, high selectivity, and fast response and recovery for sensing materials in sensors such as gas sensors, biosensors and strain and pressure sensors, among others. Considerable research efforts in recent years have been devoted to the development of aerogel‐based sensors and encouraging accomplishments have been achieved. Herein, groundbreaking advances in the preparation, classification, and physicochemical properties of aerogels and their sensing applications are presented. Moreover, the current challenges and some perspectives for the development of high‐performance aerogel‐based sensors are summarized.