Muscle dimensions in the Japanese macaque hand
Muscle dimensions in the Japanese macaque hand
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-012-0309-3
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Oishi, Motoharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogihara, Naomichi;Oishi, Motoharu
猕猴已被用作了解人类精确握力的神经控制机制的重要范例。因此，我们解剖了两只雄性日本猕猴的前臂和手部，系统地记录了肌肉质量、肌束长度和生理横截面积(PCSA)。对日本猕猴、黑猩猩和人类手部肌肉组织的质量分数和PCSA分数的比较表明，猕猴和黑猩猩的大鱼际和小鱼际隆起肌群的大小更加平衡，但人类的大鱼际隆起肌群的大小要大得多，这表明尽管猕猴手部灵巧，但在拇指尖端产生力量的能力受到更多限制。然而，猕猴的外在屈肌要大得多，这可能是为了便于前肢在前四足运动中负重，以及在跳跃等跨越间隙的动作中有力地抓住树上的支撑。考虑到这种施加在手肌肉骨骼系统上的解剖学差异，似乎是阐明猕猴精确握力机制的重要方法。
Macaques have been used as an important paradigm for understanding the neural control mechanisms of human precision grip capabilities. Therefore, we dissected the forearms and hands of two male Japanese macaques to systematically record the muscle mass, fascicle length and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA). Comparisons of the mass fractions and PCSA fractions of the hand musculature among the Japanese macaque, chimpanzee, and human demonstrated that the sizes of the thenar and hypothenar eminence muscle groups are more balanced in the macaque and chimpanzee, but those of the thenar eminence group are much larger in the human, indicating that the capacity to generate force at the tip of the thumb is more restricted in macaques, despite their high manual dexterity. In the macaque, however, the extrinsic flexor muscles are much larger, possibly to facilitate weight bearing by the forelimbs in pronograde quadrupedal locomotion and forceful grasping of arboreal supports in gap-crossing movements such as leaping. Taking such anatomical differences imposed on the hand musculoskeletal system into consideration seems to be an important method of clarifying the mechanisms of precision grip in macaques.