Long-term relations of personality and health: Dynamisms, mechanisms, tropisms
Long-term relations of personality and health: Dynamisms, mechanisms, tropisms
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-6494.00127
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Friedman, HS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, HS
毫无疑问，那些适应能力强、社会稳定、能很好地融入社区的人比那些不稳定、冲动、孤立和疏远的人患病和过早死亡的风险要低得多。然而，这些关联的原因是复杂的，并且对途径的研究还不够。本文采用寿命数据集，探讨儿童期人格如何与健康相关的生长和发展（动力学），反应和健康行为（机制）的模式，以及朝向和远离合适的环境（向性）的运动。从7十年特曼纵向数据的插图揭示了重要领域，以前的横截面研究误解了人格和健康之间的关联。特别是，社交能力被高估为终身健康风险因素，责任心被低估，神经质被混淆。如果没有足够的重视人格与健康之间的关联的过程，干预资源的显着次优分配的结果。
There is now little doubt that individuals who are well-adjusted, socially stable, and well-integrated into their communities are at significantly lower risk for disease and premature mortality than those who are more unstable, impulsive, isolated, and alienated. The reasons for these associations, however, are complex and the pathways insufficiently studied. This article employs a life-span data set to explore how childhood personality relates to health-related growth and development (dynamisms), patterns of reactions and health behaviors (mechanisms), and movements toward and away from suitable environments (tropisms). Illustrations from the 7-decade Terman longitudinal data reveal important areas in which previous, cross-sectional research has misinterpreted associations between personality and health. In particular, Sociability has been overrated as a life-span health risk factor, Conscientiousness has been underrated, and Neuroticism has been confused. Without sufficient attention to the processes underlying the associations between personality and health, significant suboptimal allocations of intervention resources result.