Antiplasmodial hirsutinolides from Vernonia staehelinoides and their utilization towards a simplified pharmacophore
Antiplasmodial hirsutinolides from Vernonia staehelinoides and their utilization towards a simplified pharmacophore
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DOI：
10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.019
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Chibale, Kelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pillay, Pamisha;Vleggaar, Robert;Chibale, Kelly
The dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Vernonia staehelinoides Harv. (Asteraceae) showed in vitro activity (IC50 similar to 3 mu g/ml) against the chloroquine-sensitive (D10) and the chloroquine-resistant (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Through conventional chromatographic techniques and bioassay-guided fractionation two structurally-related hirsutinolides displaying in vitro antiplasmodial activity (IC50 similar to 0.2 mu g/ml against D10) were isolated and identified by spectroscopic data. Compounds 1, 8 alpha-(2-methylacryloyloxy)-3-oxo-1-desoxy-1,2-dehydrohirsutinolide-13-O-acetate, and 2, 8 mu-(5'-acetoxysenecioyloxy)-3-oxo-1-desoxy-1,2-dehydrohirsutinolide-13-O-acetate were found to be cytotoxic to mammalian Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cells at similar concentrations but proved to be attractive scaffolds for structure-activity relationship studies. Two main privileged substructures, a 2(5H)-furanone unit and a dihydrofuran-4-one unit, were identified as potential pharmacophores which may be responsible for the observed biological activity. Mucochloric and mucobromic acids were selected as appropriate 2(5H)-furanone substructures and these were shown to have comparable activity against the D10 and superior activity against the K1 strains relative to the hirsutinolide natural product. Mucochloric and mucobromic acids also show selective cytotoxicity to the malaria parasites compared to mammalian (CHO) cells in vitro. The antiplasmodial data obtained in respect of these two acids suggests that the 2(5H)-furanone substructure is a key pharmacophore in the observed antiplasmodial activity. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
