How do integrins integrate? The role of cell adhesion receptors in differentiation and development.
How do integrins integrate? The role of cell adhesion receptors in differentiation and development.
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整合素如何整合？
DOI：
10.1165/ajrcmb/6.5.459
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Pytela,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erle,DJ;Pytela,R
在发育中的生物体中，细胞与其他细胞以及细胞外基质的成分不断接触。这些相互作用在基本发育现象中发挥着至关重要的作用，包括迁移、细胞分选、极性建立、生长控制和分化。在过去的几年中，我们对细胞-细胞和细胞-基质相互作用的分子基础的理解取得了显着进展。介导这些相互作用的蛋白质被称为“粘附分子”；这个术语仅揭示了它们作为细胞内部与细胞周围环境之间的介质作用的一个方面。我们将重点关注最近关于粘附分子家族成员整联蛋白功能的实验证据，以说明粘附分子帮助控制极其复杂的发育过程的方式。整联蛋白具有一种特征结构，即使在果蝇和人类等遥远物种之间也是高度保守的。 (1). 每个整联蛋白由一个与一个 {3 亚基非共价连接的 a 亚基组成。两个亚基都具有大的胞外结构域、单个跨膜结构域和（已知的例外）短胞质尾。在脊椎动物中已鉴定出至少 14 个 a 亚基和 8 个 {3 亚基。现已描述了整联蛋白异二聚体的例子包括“极晚期激活”蛋白VLA-1至VLA-6(a1{31至a6(31))、白细胞整联蛋白LfA-1(aL(32，CD11a/CDI8)和Mac-1(aL(32，CD11b/CDI8))和血小板整联蛋白GPIIb/IIIa(a11b(33))。
In the developing organism, cells are in constant contact with other cells and with components of the extracellular matrix. These interactions play crucial roles in fundamental developmental phenomena including migration, cell sorting, establishment of polarity, growth control, and differentiation. Over the last several years, our understanding of the molecular basis of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions has advanced dramatically. Proteins that mediate these interactions have come to be called" adhesion molecules;'a term that reveals only one aspect of their role as mediators between the interior of the cell and the cell's surroundings. We will focus on recent experimental evidence about the functions of members of one adhesion molecule family, the integrins, to illustrate the ways in which adhesion molecules help to control the immensely complex process of development.Integrins havea characteristic structure that is highly conserved even between such distant species as Drosophila and humans (1). Each integrin consists of one a subunit noncovalently associated with one {3 subunit. Both subunits have large extracellular domains, single transmembrane domains, and (with one known exception) short cytoplasmic tails. At least 14 a subunits and eight {3 subunits have been identified in vertebrates. Only certain combinations of a and {3 subunits can assemble and form heterodimers. At least 20 distinct a {3 heterodimers have now been described. Examples of integrin heterodimers include the" very late activation" proteins VLA-l through VLA-6 (al {31 through a6 (31), the leukocyte integrins LfA-l (aL {32, CDlla/CDI8) and Mac-l (aL {32, CDllb/CDI8), and the platelet integrin GPIIb/IIIa (aIIb {33).